Memory decline is the hallmark of cognitive change in AD. It is characterized as a storage deficit, meaning that material cannot be recalled with cue. In the early stage,memory impairment for recent events is common whereas long-term memory remains intact. As the disease progresses, individuals with AD are increasingly unable to recall more distant memorics. Typically, the motor signs are absent carly in the course. Likewise, sensory abnormalities, seizures, and gait difficulties are uncommon until the late phase of disease. Behavioural changes,including depression, anxiety, apathy, aggression, agitation, wandering, vocalization, disinhibition, and abnormal eating,are common thereafter and cause caregiver stress as well as greater use of health care service.

                                                  [Geriatrics Aging,2007;10(7):425-429]

參考譯文

記憶力下降是阿爾茨海默病認(rèn)知功能障礙的特征。其主要特征為記憶保存機(jī)制缺陷，也就是說患者無法根據(jù)線索回憶起所記憶的內(nèi)容。在疾病的早期,患者往往出現(xiàn)近期記憶的障礙，而遠(yuǎn)期記憶則是完好的。隨著疾病的進(jìn)展，患者的遠(yuǎn)期記憶也會出現(xiàn)障礙。通常，運(yùn)動功能方面的體征并不出現(xiàn)在疾病的早期，同樣，感覺障礙,癲疴發(fā)作以及步態(tài)異常一般只在晚期才出現(xiàn)。此后，一系列行為的改變包括抑郁、焦慮、淡漠、易怒、激越、徘徊、自發(fā)語言、脫抑制以及飲食習(xí)慣的異常便隨之而來，這往往使得看護(hù)者的工作變得繁重，這時候需要加強(qiáng)相應(yīng)衛(wèi)生保健服務(wù)。

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