兩個(gè)單詞均用于表示一種財(cái)產(chǎn)的代管方式。bailment為“寄托”，是指根據(jù)明示或默示合同把動(dòng)產(chǎn)交付給某人的行為。構(gòu)成寄托，必須由特定動(dòng)產(chǎn)的所有者或委托人把實(shí)際的或推定的占有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)移給另一人（bailee受寄托人），以便后者按要求方式進(jìn)行處置，然后要返回原物，或以改變了的形式進(jìn)行返回[1]。而 trust為“信托”，指財(cái)產(chǎn)或法定權(quán)利的所有人（即信托人）將財(cái)產(chǎn)或權(quán)利交給另一個(gè)或另幾個(gè)人，后者據(jù)此為另一方（受益人）、其他人或?yàn)槟骋惶囟康幕驇讉€(gè)目的而持有財(cái)產(chǎn)和行使權(quán)利[2]。信托應(yīng)由明示建立，其方式如下：由法律建立、由生前宣布而建立、由遺囑建立或由法律的實(shí)施而產(chǎn)生，后者又包括推定信托和結(jié)果信托兩種。
[1]“An arrangement in which one person transfers possession (but not ownership ) of personal property to another for storage. The legal rights and duties of the parties depend upon the purpose and terms of the bailment. The bailee may be storing the bailor's goods for a fee. ”Cf. James E. Clapp, Random House Webster's Dictionary of the Law, at p. 46,
Random House (2000).
[2] “Any arrangement whereby property is transferred with intention that it be administered by trustee for another's benefit. A fiduciary relationship in which one person is the holder of the title to property subject to an equitable obligation to keep or use the property for the benefit of another. ”Cf. The Publishers Editorial Staff, Black's Law Dictionary, abridged 6th edition, at p. 1047，West Publishing Co. (1991).
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