人力資源開發(fā)合作
人力資源開發(fā)合作是指中國通過多雙邊渠道為發(fā)展中國家舉辦各種形式的政府官員研修、學歷學位教育、專業(yè)技術(shù)培訓以及其他人員交流項目。
中國從1953年開始實施人力資源開發(fā)合作項目。20世紀50年代至70年代，中國接收了大量來自朝鮮、越南、阿爾巴尼亞、古巴、埃及等國的實習生來華學習，涉及農(nóng)林、水利、輕工、紡織、交通、衛(wèi)生等20多個行業(yè)。自1981年起，中國同聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署合作，為發(fā)展中國家在華舉辦了多個領(lǐng)域的實用技術(shù)培訓班。自1998年起，中國政府開始舉辦官員研修班，培訓的部門、領(lǐng)域和規(guī)模迅速擴大。截至2009年底，中國為發(fā)展中國家在華舉辦各類培訓班4000多期，培訓人員12萬人次，包括實習生、管理和技術(shù)人員以及官員。培訓內(nèi)容涵蓋經(jīng)濟、外交、農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和環(huán)保等20多個領(lǐng)域。目前，每年在華培訓發(fā)展中國家人員約1萬名左右。此外，中國還通過技術(shù)合作等方式為受援國就地培訓了大量管理和技術(shù)人員。
Human Resource Development Cooperation
Human resource development cooperation means that China, through multilateral or bilateral channels, runs different kinds of re-search and training programs for government officials, education programs, technical training programs, and other personnel exchange programs for developing countries.
China started to run such programs in 1953. From then until 1979, China hosted a large number of trainees from the DPRK, Vietnam, Albania, Cuba, Egypt and some other countries, covering over 20 sectors including agriculture and forestry, water conservancy, light industry, textiles, transportation and health care. Since 1981, China has worked with the United Nations Development Program and hosted training courses in practical techniques in different fields for developing countries. In 1998, the Chinese government began to run seminars for officials. The departments involved and the scale and scope of such training programs have expanded rapidly. By the end of 2009, China had run over 4,000 training sessions of different types for developing countries, attended by some 120,000 people, including interns, managerial and technical personnel and officials. These trainees were from over 20 fields, including economy, diplo-macy, agriculture, medical and health care, and environmental protection. At present, roughly 10,000 people from developing countries receive training in China every year. Moreover, China has trained a large number of managerial and technical personnel for recipient countries by means of technical cooperation and other ways.
援外醫(yī)療隊
援外醫(yī)療隊是指中國向受援國派出醫(yī)務(wù)人員團隊，并無償提供部分醫(yī)療設(shè)備和藥品，在受援國進行定點或巡回醫(yī)療服務(wù)。
1963年，中國向阿爾及利亞派出第一支醫(yī)療隊。截至目前，中國已向亞洲、非洲、歐洲、拉丁美洲、加勒比和大洋洲69個國家派遣了援外醫(yī)療隊。援外醫(yī)療隊一般工作在受援國缺醫(yī)少藥的落后地區(qū)，條件十分艱苦。援外醫(yī)療隊員治愈了大量常見病、多發(fā)病，并采用針灸、推拿以及中西醫(yī)結(jié)合診療方法診治了不少疑難重癥，挽救了許多垂危病人的生命。援外醫(yī)療隊員還向當?shù)蒯t(yī)務(wù)人員傳授醫(yī)療技術(shù)，促進了當?shù)蒯t(yī)療衛(wèi)生水平的提高。援外醫(yī)療隊員以精湛的醫(yī)術(shù)、良好的醫(yī)德醫(yī)風和高度的責任感與使命感，全力為受援國人民服務(wù)，贏得了受援國政府和人民的尊重和贊揚。截至2009年底，中國累計對外派遣21000多名援外醫(yī)療隊員，經(jīng)中國醫(yī)生診治的受援國患者達2.6億人次。2009年，有60支援外醫(yī)療隊，共1324名醫(yī)療隊員，分別在57個發(fā)展中國家的130個醫(yī)療機構(gòu)提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)。
Chinese Medical Teams Working Abroad
China sends medical teams to recipient countries and provide free medical devices and medicines. These medical teams then provide location-based or touring medical services in those countries.
In 1963, China dispatched the first medical team to Algeria. So far, China has sent medical teams to 69 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean and Oceania. These teams usually work in underdeveloped areas where conditions are harsh and people lack medical services and medicines. These teams have cured many patients with common and frequently occurring diseases, and treated some complicated and serious diseases with acupuncture and moxibustion, medical massage and integrated use of traditional Chi-nese and Western medicine, saving many critically ill patients. They have also passed on their skills to local medical staff, helping improve local medical and health services. With sound medical skills, lofty medical ethics and a high sense of responsibility and mission, they have worked hard to serve the people of the recipient countries, and thus won respect and praise from the governments and peoples of these countries. By the end of 2009, China had altogether sent over 21,000 medical workers to other countries, and they have treated 260 million patients in the recipient countries. In 2009, 60 Chinese medical teams composed of 1,324 members provided medical services at 130 medical institutions in 57 developing countries.
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