Amplification
A translator is not supposed to add any meaning to or subtract any meaning from the original work. This is a principle not to be violated in translation. However, it does not follow that a translator should refrain from supplying the necessary word(s) to make his version both accurate and in keeping with the usage of the language translated into. Generally speaking, in English-Chinese translation "amplification" is often to be employed in the following cases :
(a) When some words are "syntactically omitted" in English.
例1："When trying to decide whether an object will float in water, you need to know whether its density is greater or less than that of water. If it is greater, the object will sink. If less, the object will float." In this case, "it is" and "than that of water" have been "omitted syntactically", the latter should normally be supplied in the Chinese version, to conform to the Chinese usage. Hence the Chinese version:“若要判斷一個物體是否會在水中浮起，就得知道該物體的密度比水大還是比水小。要是比水大，該物體會下沉，要是比水小，就會浮起。”
(b) When a “pronoun” is used in the English sentence to avoid repetition (and，the wide use of pronouns is another special feature of English when compared with Chinese).
例2：“Some jets travel faster than sound. Then we shall not hear them until they have gone. ”
“一些噴氣飛機飛得比音速還快。這時_要等飛機飛過之后，我們才能聽到它們的聲音?！?不要譯成“我們才能聽到它們”)
(c) When the relative pronoun or relative adverb is used to introduce a "nonrestrictive" clause, it often needs "amplification" in the Chinese version.
例3：“Yesterday we went to their laboratory，where we saw some sophisticated microcomputers newly designed by them. ”
“昨天我們到他們的實驗室去了，在那里我們看見了他們新設(shè)計的一些髙級微型電子計算機?！?/p>
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