2. 名詞 / 代詞 + -ing分詞。如：

The bus coming here soon, we should get everything ready. 汽車很快就要來了，我們應(yīng)該把一切事情準(zhǔn)備好。

Mother being ill, Li Lei was very worried. 母親病了，李蕾非常焦急。

3. 名詞 / 代詞 + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。如：

His cup broken, he used his bowl instead. 茶杯破了，他就用碗來代替。

4. 名詞 / 代詞 + 形容詞。如：

The ground muddy, we should be careful. 地面濘泥，我們應(yīng)該小心。

5. 名詞 / 代詞 + 副詞。如：

The class over, we all went out to play. 下課后，我們都出去玩。

6. 名詞 / 代詞 + 介詞短語。如：

Glasses in his hand, he asked where his glasses were. 手里拿著眼鏡，他問他的眼鏡哪去了。 

B. 介詞with / without  + 名詞或代詞 + 形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動(dòng)詞

1. with / without  + 名詞或代詞 + 形容詞

He spoke to us with his mouth full of food. 她口里含著食物跟我們說話。

2. with / without  + 名詞或代詞 + 副詞

He left the office with the lights on. 他離開了辦公室，讓燈亮著。

3. with / without  + 名詞或代詞 + 介詞短語

The engineer came with a notebook in his hand. 那個(gè)工程師手里拿著筆記本過來了。

4. with / without  + 名詞或代詞 + -ing分詞

Don’t brush your teeth with water running. 不要在刷牙時(shí)讓水流著。

5. with / without  + 名詞或代詞 + 動(dòng)詞不定式

With so much work to do, the manager felt very worried. 這么多工作要做，經(jīng)理覺得很焦急。

6. with / without  + 名詞或代詞 + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞

With the road blocked, they had to turn back and ran round it in another way. 由于道路被堵，他們不得不轉(zhuǎn)身從另一條路繞過去。

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