在常用詞absent和abstract中含有一個(gè)拉丁語(yǔ)源的原生詞綴 ab- (abs- )。它原是拉丁介副詞，意思相當(dāng)于英語(yǔ)的away from或 off。這個(gè)前綴一般加在拉丁詞根上，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞及相應(yīng)的形容詞與名詞。abs-是ab-的異體，出現(xiàn)在以c, t開(kāi)頭的詞根前。ab- (abs- )是個(gè)僵化詞綴，我們下面分析的都是原生派生詞。

先介紹幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的含有(abs-)的單詞。

absent [ab- = away 離;sent = to be 是→]I a . being away; not present 不在；缺席 / He is absent from class today.他今天缺課。 

II v. keep (oneself) away 缺席，不到 / Try not to absent yourself more than necessary.盡量不要無(wú)故缺席。

absentee n. 不在者，缺席者 

absence n. 不在，缺席

absorb [ ab- = away 離;sorb = to suck in 吸人=>“to suck in sth. away from 從…吸人某物” →] take in 吸收 / Sponges absorb water. 海綿吸水。

absorbable a .可吸收的

abstract [ abs- ( ab-) = away 離；tract = to draw 抽=> “ to draw away 抽離，抽取”→] v . take away; remove 提取；分離 / Iron is abstracted from ore.鐵是從鐵礦石中提煉出來(lái)的。

abstraction n. 提取;分離

abscond [ abs- ( ab-) = away 離；cond = to store 貯藏=>“to store away 藏匿起來(lái)”→]v . go off and hide 潛逃/The dishonest cashier absconded with the bank’s money. 心術(shù)不正的銀行出納員攜款潛逃。