1. Chemotherapy uses drugs, or chemicals, to kill rapidly dividing cells. These cells include both cancer cells and healthy cells. 

化療用藥物或化學物來殺死分裂迅速的細胞。這些細胞既包括癌細胞又包括健康細胞。

2. Unlike radiation, which targets a specific part of the body, chemotherapy affects the entire body. Most chemotherapy is given as a combination of drugs that work together to kill as many cancer cells as possible. 

化療與放療不同，放療目標針對的是身體的特定部位，而化療影響整個身體。大多數(shù)化療使用藥物的組合，一起作用來殺死盡可能多的癌細胞。

3. During intravenous or IV chemotherapy, a thin needle is inserted into a vein, typically in the hand or lower arm, and removed at the end of the session. 

在靜脈注射化療中，一根細針插入通常是手上或前臂的靜脈，結束時把針拔去。

4. This type of chemotherapy can also be delivered into the body through catheters, or tubes; an entry port in the skin created by your doctor; and special pumps.

這種化療也可通過導管或管子、醫(yī)生在皮膚上開的輸入口，或專門的輸液泵，把藥物輸入身體。

5. Since all of your cells are affected during chemotherapy, it’s important to understand that some healthy cells will be affected by the treatment as well. 

由于身體的所有細胞都受到化療的影響，所以，重要的是認識到一些健康細胞也會受到治療的影響。

6. This usually happens with bone marrow, which produces blood cells. During that process, the blood cells divide quickly, making them a target of chemodrugs. 

這種情況通常發(fā)生于生產(chǎn)血細胞的骨髓。在此過程中，血細胞迅速分裂，使之成為化療藥物的標靶。

7. One of the most serious potential side effects is a low count of white blood cells—a condition called neutropenia. 

White blood cells help your body fight infection by protecting against foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. 

最嚴重的潛在副作用之一是白細胞計數(shù)低，這種情況稱為中性白細胞減少癥。白細胞通過保護人體抗細菌和病毒之類的異物入侵，幫助人體抗感染。

8. Another side effect of chemotherapy is anemia, which is the scientific name for a low red blood cell count.  A low red blood cell count may cause you to feel fatigued or sluggish because there isn't enough oxygen circulating throughout the body.

化療的另一個副作用是貧血。貧血是科學名稱，指紅細胞計數(shù)低。紅細胞計數(shù)低可能使你感覺疲乏或怠倦，因為沒有足夠的氧循環(huán)通過全身。

9. Your doctor will monitor your blood count throughout treatment to look for these conditions and treat them as necessary. 

醫(yī)生會在整個治療期間監(jiān)測你的血細胞計數(shù)，注意這些情況，并在必要時給予治療。

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