Title: The gamma-knife in stereotaxic surgery. A new era in brain surgery

標(biāo)題：腦外科新時(shí)代----趨實(shí)體外科伽瑪?shù)?/p>

Content/內(nèi)容：

1) The gamma knife is a dedicated neurosurgical equipment for brain surgery to treat predetermined intracranial normal or pathological targets through the intact skull without damaging the surrounding normal brain tissue.

伽瑪?shù)妒且环N腦外科中神經(jīng)手術(shù)專用設(shè)備，通過(guò)完整顱骨但不損害周?chē)ＤX組織，治療業(yè)已確定的顱內(nèi)正?；虿±硇阅繕?biāo)。

2) The operating method is called radiosurgery and it works with the biological effect of stereotactically directed, highly focused ionizing beams of 201 independent cobalt-60 sources.

手術(shù)方法稱放射外科，其作用原理是利用趨實(shí)體定向、高度聚焦201非依賴性鈷離子束的生物效應(yīng)。

3) The treatment is a single day procedure with obvious advantages over the invasive conventional craniotomy-related surgery.

手術(shù)一天內(nèi)完成，明顯優(yōu)于常規(guī)侵入性顱內(nèi)切除手術(shù)。

4) It has the benefits of increased biological efficacy of the irradiation along with decreased hospital stay and side effects.

其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是增加輻射的生物學(xué)效應(yīng)，并減少住院天數(shù)與副作用。

5) The device and radiosurgery was originally developed to treat functional neurological diseases, but very soon arteriovenous malformations and tumours became the main objects for the method, and a new dimension opened in the treatment of brain pathologies with difficult access.

該儀器與放射外科原本旨在治療功能性神經(jīng)疾病，但不久動(dòng)靜脈異常與腫瘤成為其主要的治療對(duì)象，為難以進(jìn)入的腦病理區(qū)域治療開(kāi)辟了新的領(lǐng)域。

6) The first gamma knife was installed in Stockholm, Sweden in 1968.

首臺(tái)伽瑪?shù)队?968年安裝于瑞典斯德哥爾摩。

7) Since then 85 units have been set up, and more than 70,000 patients were treated with the device world-wide.

那以后，全世界已裝伽瑪?shù)?5臺(tái)，約7萬(wàn)人接受這種治療。

8) The simple management technique and high mechanical and beam accuracy made the gamma knife a reliable and effective tool for its intended purpose over 30 years now.

處理技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)單、高度機(jī)械化及離子束定位準(zhǔn)確，使伽瑪?shù)冻蔀?0年來(lái)可靠有效的預(yù)定治療工具。

9) This review summarizes the history of the device, the basic radiation, physics and biology related to stereotactic radiosurgery, the description of the unit and the possibilities and limits of the treatment modality.

本文綜述伽瑪?shù)兜臍v史與趨實(shí)體放射外科相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)放射、物理學(xué)與生物學(xué)，介紹伽瑪?shù)督Y(jié)構(gòu)以及治療上的可能性及其有限性。

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