3) 合成型。英語中有不少疾病名稱是由兩個或兩個以上的單詞構(gòu)成的，在這種合成的名詞中，既有拉丁詞根的，也有英語詞根的，或是兩者兼而有之，如：
傷寒 typhoid fever
心臟病 heart trouble / attack
胃潰瘍 gastric ulcer
心力衰竭h(yuǎn)eart failure
禽流感bird flu
非典型性肺炎 atypical pneumonia (SARs)
細(xì)菌性食物中毒bacterial poisoning
高血壓 high blood pressure (hypertension)
艾滋病 AIDS ( acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome)
4)弄清了漢英疾病的表達(dá)差異之后、再看下而“生病”一詞常見的英語表達(dá)，它們與中文表迖顯然不同，翻譯的時候要注意其不同之處：
a. to be( become) ill/sick with. . , /sickening for...; be taken ill. . . ; be attacked with...;
The boy is probably ill with a migraine (偏頭疼）and he has become too ill to get up.
The patient on the left is sick with gall-stones (膽結(jié)石).
I think he is sickening for mumps (腮腺炎）.
The old lady was taken ill through grief (with appendicitis闌尾炎）.
b. to have /get /fall /feel some illness /to suffer from...
Mr. Johnson has acute pancreatitis (急性胰腺炎）
Tom got /has got typhoid (or fever)(傷寒）.
I m afraid he has fallen ill with tubemiiosis (肺結(jié)核).
Her son felt ill /sick(想嘔吐）this morning.
Many children fell ill from malnutrition (營養(yǎng)不良）.
The old man suffered from an ailment (身體不適）.
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