Which作連接代詞,可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句;作關(guān)系代詞可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。
1. 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句
Which作為連接代詞可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句,可譯為“哪個”、“哪ー種”等,有時也可視情況省譯。如:
* Which direction is“forward”and which is“reverse”depends on the properties of the germanium block.?
何方向為“正向”,何方向為“反向”,依鍺塊的性質(zhì)而定。(which引導(dǎo)主語從句)
* It is often desirable to know which conductor of a house power line is hot.
常常需要知道住宅內(nèi)的電線哪ー根是火線。(which引導(dǎo)賓語從句}
* The question is which material suit best for the parts.
問題是哪種材料最適合生產(chǎn)這種零件。(which引導(dǎo)表語從句)
2. 引導(dǎo)定語從句
which作為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句是科技英語中最為常見的,可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。翻譯which引導(dǎo)的定語從句的方法主要有以下3種。
(1) 譯為漢語的“的”字結(jié)構(gòu),其中關(guān)系代詞which可省譯。如:
* A substance which consists entirely of the same kind of atoms is called an element.
完全由同一種原子構(gòu)成的物質(zhì)稱為元素。