瘧論篇/Nue Lun

(On Malaria)

黃帝問日：夫痃瘧皆生于風(fēng)，其蓄作有時(shí)者何也?岐伯對(duì)日:瘧之始發(fā)也，先起于亳毛，伸欠乃作，寒僳鼓頷，腰脊俱痛，寒去則內(nèi)外皆熱，頭痛如破[《病論》“頭痛”下無“如破”二字]，渴欲冷飲。

Yellow Emperor asked:"All cases of malaria are affected by wind-evil, and they have a certain period of incubation before the time of attacking, Why is it?" Qibo answered:"In the initial attack of malaria, cold emerges from the soft hair, then, the patient will be feeling fatigue both in body and in spirit, shivering with cold, trembling of the soft parts on both sides under the chin and will have pain of loins and spine; when the cold is over, the patient will have fever on both inside and outside, head-ache, thirst, and the desire for cold drink.

帝日:何氣使然?愿聞其道。岐伯曰:陰陽上下交爭，虛實(shí)更作，陰陽相移也。陽并于陰，則陰實(shí)而陽[《太素》“陽”下有“明”字]虛，陽明虛，則寒慄鼓頷也;巨陽虛，則腰背頭項(xiàng)痛[《太素》《太平圣惠方》引“背”并作“脊”]；三陽俱虛，則陰氣勝，陰氣勝則骨寒而痛;寒生于內(nèi)，故中外皆寒；陽盛則外熱，陰虛則內(nèi)熱，外內(nèi)皆熱則喘而渴，故欲冷飲也。

Yellow Emperor asked:"What is the evil-energy which cause the disease to such a condition?" Qibo said: "It is due to the contention between Yin and Yang below and above, alternation of asthenia and sthenia, and the transforming into each other of Yin and Yang. When the Yang energy is merged by Yin, the Yin energy will be sthenic and the Yangming energy will be asthenic.

"When the energy of the Yangming Channel is asthenic, cold shiverings will hapen and cause the trembling of the both sides under the chin; when the energy of the Taiyang Channel is asthenic, the pain of loins, spine, head and neck will happen; when all the three Yang energies are asthenic, the Yin energy will become excessive and will cause cold-ness and pain of the joints. As the coldness is produced from inside, the patient will feel cold both inside and outside; when Yang is overabundant, exterior heat will produce, when Yin is asthenic, interior heat will produce, if both the exterior and interior heats are produced, the patient will have rapid respiration, thirst and the desire for cold drink.

此皆得之[《太素》《病論》《太平圣惠方》“此”下并無“皆”字]夏傷于暑，熱氣盛藏于皮膚之內(nèi)，腸胃之外，此榮氣之所舍也。此令人汗[《太素》，《甲乙》，《病源》“汗”下有“出”字]空疏，腠理開，因得秋氣，汗出遇風(fēng)，及得之以浴[《太素》《病源》“及”作“乃”]，水氣舍于皮膚之內(nèi)，與衛(wèi)氣并居。衛(wèi)氣者，晝?nèi)招杏陉朳《甲乙》“晝”下無“日”字]，夜行于陰，此氣得陽而外出，得陰而內(nèi)搏，內(nèi)外相薄[《太素》《病源》并無“內(nèi)外相搏”四字]，是以日作。

"This kind of disease occurs when the patient is injured by the summer-heat in summer. When the heat is overabundant, it will hide in the skin and beyond the stomach and intestine,ie., the evil-energy will reside in the Ying-energy.

"The summer-heat can cause sweating, the flaccidity of the muscle and the openning of the striae of skin, whenever the autumn energy which is chilling is encountered, the sweating patient will be infected by wind-evil, and the disease will turn to the worse after taking a bath. Thus, when the wind-evil and water-energy retained in the skin and join the Wei-energy, malaria will break out. The Wei-energy circulates in the Yang channels in day time and circulates in the Yin channels in night time, when the evil-energy merges into the Yang-energy, it will disperse externally, when it merges into the Yin energy, it will invade internally, in this way, the disease will attack once a day."