第一時(shí)間切斷病毒傳播鏈。對(duì)湖北省、武漢市對(duì)外通道實(shí)施最嚴(yán)格的封閉和交通管控，暫停武漢及湖北國(guó)際客運(yùn)航班、多地輪渡、長(zhǎng)途客運(yùn)、機(jī)場(chǎng)、火車站運(yùn)營(yíng)，全國(guó)暫停入漢道路水路客運(yùn)班線發(fā)班，武漢市及湖北省多地暫停市內(nèi)公共交通，阻斷疫情向全國(guó)以及湖北省內(nèi)衛(wèi)生基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施薄弱的農(nóng)村地區(qū)擴(kuò)散。對(duì)湖北以外地區(qū)實(shí)施差異化交通管控，湖北省周邊省份筑牢環(huán)鄂交通管控“隔離帶”，防止湖北省疫情外溢蔓延。全國(guó)其他地區(qū)實(shí)行分區(qū)分級(jí)精準(zhǔn)防控，對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)道路運(yùn)輸服務(wù)進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)管控，加強(qiáng)國(guó)內(nèi)交通衛(wèi)生檢疫。采取有效措施避免人員聚集和交叉感染，延長(zhǎng)春節(jié)假期，取消或延緩各種人員聚集性活動(dòng)，各類學(xué)校有序推遲開(kāi)學(xué)；關(guān)閉影院、劇院、網(wǎng)吧以及健身房等場(chǎng)所；對(duì)車站、機(jī)場(chǎng)、碼頭、農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)、商場(chǎng)、超市、餐館、酒店、賓館等需要開(kāi)放的公共服務(wù)類場(chǎng)所，以及汽車、火車、飛機(jī)等密閉交通工具，落實(shí)環(huán)境衛(wèi)生整治、消毒、通風(fēng)、“進(jìn)出檢”、限流等措施，進(jìn)入人員必須測(cè)量體溫、佩戴口罩；推行政務(wù)服務(wù)網(wǎng)上辦、預(yù)約辦，推廣無(wú)接觸快遞等“不見(jiàn)面”服務(wù)，鼓勵(lì)民眾居家和企業(yè)遠(yuǎn)程辦公，有效減少人員流動(dòng)和聚集；在公共場(chǎng)所設(shè)置“一米線”并配以明顯標(biāo)識(shí)，避免近距離接觸。全國(guó)口岸實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的出入境衛(wèi)生檢疫，防范疫情通過(guò)口岸擴(kuò)散蔓延。實(shí)施最嚴(yán)邊境管控，取消非緊急非必要出國(guó)出境活動(dòng)。

Breaking the chains of transmission through early intervention.The strictest closure and traffic restrictions were enforced on all outbound routes from Wuhan and Hubei. International passenger flights, and ferries and long-distance passenger transport services in many parts of the province were suspended, as were road and waterway passenger services bound for Wuhan from other places of the country. Airports and railway stations were closed and intra-city public transport halted in Wuhan and many other parts of Hubei. All these restrictions effectively stopped the virus from spreading nationwide, especially in rural Hubei where public health infrastructure was relatively weak.

Areas outside Hubei took a differentiated approach to traffic control. The provinces abutting Hubei built traffic control “isolation zones” around the province, preventing the virus from spreading beyond Hubei. Other parts of China adopted a targeted, tiered, and region-specific approach. They exercised a dynamic control over urban and rural road transport services and strengthened health and quarantine measures for domestic routes.

Rigorous measures were taken to prevent public gatherings and cross-infection. The Chinese New Year holiday was extended, public gatherings were canceled or postponed, and the spring semester was postponed in schools. Cinemas, theaters, internet cafés, and gyms were all closed. Strict procedures had to be followed in essential public facilities, including bus stations, airports, ports, farmers markets, shopping malls, supermarkets, restaurants and hotels, and in enclosed transport vehicles such as buses, trains and planes. All persons were required to wear masks and undergo temperature monitoring when accessing these venues or vehicles. In addition, all such facilities had to be disinfected, meet certain hygiene standards, ensure good ventilation, monitor visitors’ temperature, and control the number of passengers or visitors at a given period of time.

Government services were provided online and through prior reservation, non-physical-contact delivery or services were extended, people were encouraged to stay at home and work from home, and businesses were encouraged to telecommute – all these measures effectively reduced population flows and public gatherings. Clear signs urging people to maintain at least one meter of distance and avoid close contact could be seen in all public places.

Strict health and quarantine measures were enforced at points of entry and exit across China to prevent inbound and outbound spread of the virus. The strictest-ever measures were applied at border control to suspend non-urgent and nonessential outbound travel by Chinese citizens.

　　牢牢守住社區(qū)基礎(chǔ)防線。城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)是疫情聯(lián)防聯(lián)控的第一線，是外防輸入、內(nèi)防擴(kuò)散的關(guān)鍵防線。充分發(fā)揮基層主體作用，加強(qiáng)群眾自治，實(shí)施社區(qū)封閉式、網(wǎng)格化管理，把防控力量、資源、措施向社區(qū)下沉，組建專兼結(jié)合工作隊(duì)伍，充分發(fā)揮街道（鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)）和社區(qū)（村）干部、基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)醫(yī)務(wù)人員、家庭醫(yī)生團(tuán)隊(duì)作用，將一個(gè)個(gè)社區(qū)、村莊打造成為嚴(yán)密安全的“抗疫堡壘”，把防控有效落實(shí)到終端和末梢。按照“追蹤到人、登記在冊(cè)、社區(qū)管理、上門觀察、規(guī)范運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、異常就醫(yī)”的原則，依法對(duì)重點(diǎn)人群進(jìn)行有效管理，開(kāi)展主動(dòng)追蹤、人員管理、環(huán)境整治和健康教育。武漢市全面實(shí)施社區(qū)24小時(shí)封閉管理，除就醫(yī)和防疫相關(guān)活動(dòng)外一律禁止出入，由社區(qū)承擔(dān)居民生活保障。其他地方對(duì)城市社區(qū)、農(nóng)村村落普遍實(shí)施封閉式管理，人員出入檢查登記、測(cè)量體溫。加強(qiáng)居民個(gè)人防護(hù)，廣泛開(kāi)展社會(huì)宣傳，強(qiáng)化個(gè)體責(zé)任意識(shí)，自覺(jué)落實(shí)居家隔離以及跨地區(qū)旅行后隔離14天等防控要求，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行外出佩戴口罩、保持社交距離、減少聚集等防護(hù)措施，養(yǎng)成勤洗手、常通風(fēng)等良好生活習(xí)慣。大力開(kāi)展愛(ài)國(guó)衛(wèi)生運(yùn)動(dòng)，提倡文明健康、綠色環(huán)保的生活方式。

The community-based line of defense was well guarded.Communities and villages made up the first line of defense in epidemic prevention and control, a major barrier to inbound cases and local transmission. They served as the mainstay in China’s Covid-19 response. Residents and villagers were mobilized to help manage communities. Strict access control and grid-based management were exercised in communities, and human and material resources were channeled down to the community level to reinforce implementation of targeted measures. Task forces comprising both full-time and part-time community workers were set up, while officials at the sub-district/township and community/village levels, health workers of community medical facilities, and family doctors all performed their duties as a team. Through all these efforts, communities and villages were turned into strongholds, securing full implementation of response measures down to the lowest level.

To deal with the four categories of vulnerable people, a number of measures were taken in accordance with the law, such as tracing, registering, and visiting each individual, placing them under community management, and transferring them, if necessary, to designated medical facilities for quarantine or treatment as per due procedures. Community actions were taken to keep local areas in good condition and promote health education.

In Wuhan, rigorous 24-hour access control was enforced in all residential communities. No residents were allowed to leave and no non-residents allowed to access the community area other than for essential medical needs or epidemic control operations. Community workers were responsible for the purchase and delivery of daily necessities according to residents’ needs. This approach was also applied in communities and villages in other parts of China, where all residents had to register and undergo temperature checking when leaving or entering the residential area or village.

Education programs were conducted to raise public awareness of the need for personal protection and enhance the sense of social responsibility. People observed self-quarantine at home and 14-day self-isolation after cross-region travel. They strictly followed personal protection measures such as wearing a mask when going out, maintaining proper social distancing, avoiding crowds, frequent handwashing, and regular ventilation. The tradition of the Patriotic Public Health Campaign which was initiated in the 1950s, with an emphasis on sanitation and personal hygiene, was also encouraged, along with a healthy, environment-friendly lifestyle .