五個(gè)語塊以上構(gòu)成的連動(dòng)流水句，由于容量太大，用英語的一個(gè)句子無法表達(dá)。這里最典型地體現(xiàn)了英、漢語構(gòu)句方式的最大差別，漢語的公因話題句是最典型的意合，其主語承接力強(qiáng)，動(dòng)詞無形態(tài)變化，可以一個(gè)語塊平鋪直敘地講下去，六塊、七塊、八塊甚至九塊構(gòu)成的連動(dòng)流水句也是司空見慣的；英語句子要以主謂為主軸，以定式動(dòng)詞為核心，多層次向空間擴(kuò)散，定式動(dòng)詞謂語一方面要和主語有一致關(guān)系，受主語的支配；另一方面又要支配賓語、補(bǔ)語、部分狀語，它們之間的形態(tài)和形式的約束，是典型的形合。定式動(dòng)詞受到了限制，就無法像漢語那樣自由伸展鋪陳。當(dāng)然，英語可用其他手段，主要的有非定式動(dòng)詞、介詞、副詞等來表示漢語意義的連動(dòng)式，但在一個(gè)句子中這些手段的使用是有限的。所以在翻譯漢語五個(gè)音義語塊以上構(gòu)成的連動(dòng)流水句時(shí)，最常用的方法就是按語義把它分成幾個(gè)單位，每個(gè)單位譯成一句，簡單地說，就是使用拆句法。比如，一個(gè)由六個(gè)語塊的連動(dòng)流水句，如果我們平均地一分為二，每個(gè)單位就成了三個(gè)音義語塊的連動(dòng)流水句，這樣處理起來就容易多了。

（1）這里寶玉悲痛了一回，忽然抬頭不見了黛玉，便知黛玉看見他躲開了，自己也覺無味，抖抖土起來，下山尋歸舊路，往怡紅院來。（《紅樓夢》）

When Baoyu recovered sufficiently to look up she had gone, obviously to avoid him. Getting up rather than sheepishly, he dusted off his clothes and walked down the hill to make lhis way back again to Happy Red Court.(楊憲益譯）

（2）小栓慢慢的從小屋子走出，兩手按了胸口，不住的咳嗽；走到灶下，盛下一碗涼飯，泡上熱水，坐下便吃。（《藥》）

Little Shuan walked slowly out of the inner room,his hands to his chest, coughing repeatedly. He went to the kitchen, filled a bowl with cold rice, added hot water to it, and sitting down started to eat.

晴雯先接出來，笑道：“好啊，叫我研了墨，早起高興，只寫了三個(gè)字，扔下筆就走了，哄我等了這一天，快來給我寫完了這些墨才算呢！”

一連十多個(gè)動(dòng)詞，幾占全段一半！不但不混亂，反而使人讀了感到，有如水在石上輕輕地流淌著。

Qing-wen greeted him with a smile, exclaiming, "A fine one you are! On the spur of the moment you bade me grind ink for you this morning. But you threw down your brush and went away after having written merely three characters. You've kept me waiting for you the whole day. You are

to use up this ink now. Be quick!"

連動(dòng)句分項(xiàng)體現(xiàn)

1. 不定式作狀語時(shí)，就具有了相當(dāng)于漢語的連動(dòng)意義。

（1）她留在家里幫助她弟弟。

She stays at home to help her brother.(目的）

（2）瑪麗到了國外一直沒有回來。

Mary went abroad never to return.（ 結(jié)果）

（3）這個(gè)老人一想到以前的痛苦生活就發(fā)抖。

The old man shudders to think of his miserable life in the old days.（原因）

（4）你聽了他的話就不會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。

To listen to him, you should not have made mistakes.

（5）湯姆到了家，立刻開始修車。

Tom got home to begin immediately repairing the car.(連貫動(dòng)作）

2.當(dāng)-ing式詞作狀語時(shí)，與不定式一樣具備相當(dāng)于漢語的連動(dòng)意義。

（1）我們聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)感到十分悲痛。

Hearing the news,we were very much grieved.(原因）

（2）等火車時(shí)和吉姆作了一次長談。

Waiting for the train,she had a long talk with Jim.(并行）

（3）他們作出決定后立即開始著手工作。

Having arrived at a decision,they immediately set to work.(連貫)

（4）布朗先生賣完了他所有的畫僅得所值的一小部分。

Mr.Brown sold all his paintings,getting only a small part of their work.(結(jié)果)

（5）孩子們快活地又說又笑奔出了房間。

The children ran out of the room,laughing and talking merrily.(方式）

責(zé)任編輯：admin