So this set starts out blue
這一組最開始是藍色的
This one starts out pink
這一組最開始是粉色的
And the final one is purple
最后一組則是紫色的
And every cylinder contains a few drops of sodium hydroxide
每一組柱形容器中都包含少許氫氧化鈉
which is a base
這是一種堿
NaOH, sodium hydroxide NaOH
氫氧化鈉
and it's a base
它是一種堿
So let's start with the basics
我們從基礎開始考慮
What is an acid and a base?
酸和堿是什么
One definition is that
一種定義是
acids are compounds that donate a hydrogen ion
酸是一種化合物，它能貢獻一個氫離子
or H plus
或者說H+
to another compound
給另一種化合物
and the compound that accepts that hydrogen ion is a base
而接受這個氫離子的化合物就是堿了
So acids are hydrogen ion donors
酸是貢獻氫離子的物質
and bases are hydrogen ion acceptors
而堿則是接受氫離子的物質
Here are some examples
我舉一些例子
Sodium hydroxide is a base
氫氧化鈉是堿
It's used to make soap
能用于制造肥皂
And acetic acid which looks like this
而醋酸是酸，它是這樣的
it makes vinegar sour
它讓醋具有酸味
Alright, let's look back at our cylinders here
好，我們再來回頭看這些柱形容器
This first set of cylinders contains the indicator bromothymol blue
第一組柱形容器中裝的指示劑是溴百里酚藍
Let's take a look at the spectrum
我們來看看光譜
Alright, so let's take a look at bromothymol blue
好，我們來看看溴百里酚藍
the indicator in the first set of cylinders
這是第一組柱形容器中的指示劑
As you can see here, there's a scale of numbers. This is the pH scale
這里可以看到一些數(shù)字刻度，這些是pH值刻度
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