為推進改革開放，擴大國際經(jīng)濟合作和技術(shù)交流，中國制定了中外合資經(jīng)營企業(yè)法、外資企業(yè)法、中外合作經(jīng)營企業(yè)法，對外國投資者在中國的投資條件、程序、經(jīng)營、監(jiān)督、管理和合法權(quán)益的保障等作出規(guī)定，確定了外國投資者在中國投資應(yīng)當尊重中國國家主權(quán)的原則，以及中國保護投資者合法權(quán)益、平等互利、給予優(yōu)惠、遵循國際通行規(guī)則等原則，為外國投資者在中國進行投資創(chuàng)造了良好的環(huán)境。為更好地體現(xiàn)平等互利和遵循國際通行規(guī)則，中國多次對這三部法律進行修改完善，充分保障了外國投資者在中國投資、開展經(jīng)貿(mào)活動的合法權(quán)益。截至2010年底，中國共批準設(shè)立外商投資企業(yè)710747家，實際使用外資金額11078.58億美元，充分表明中國保護外國投資者的法律制度日益完善。
行政法。行政法是關(guān)于行政權(quán)的授予、行政權(quán)的行使以及對行政權(quán)的監(jiān)督的法律規(guī)范，調(diào)整的是行政機關(guān)與行政管理相對人之間因行政管理活動發(fā)生的關(guān)系，遵循職權(quán)法定、程序法定、公正公開、有效監(jiān)督等原則，既保障行政機關(guān)依法行使職權(quán)，又注重保障公民、法人和其他組織的權(quán)利。截至2011年8月底，中國已制定行政法方面的法律79部和一大批規(guī)范行政權(quán)力的行政法規(guī)、地方性法規(guī)。
中國十分重視對行政機關(guān)行使權(quán)力的規(guī)范，依法加強對行政權(quán)力行使的監(jiān)督，確保行政機關(guān)依法正確行使權(quán)力。中國制定了行政處罰法，確立了處罰法定、公正公開、過罰相當、處罰與教育相結(jié)合等基本原則，規(guī)范了行政處罰的設(shè)定權(quán)，規(guī)定了較為完備的行政處罰決定和執(zhí)行程序，建立了行政處罰聽證制度，行政機關(guān)在作出對當事人的生產(chǎn)生活可能產(chǎn)生重大影響的行政處罰決定前，賦予當事人要求聽證的權(quán)利。制定了行政復(fù)議法，規(guī)定了行政機關(guān)內(nèi)部自我糾正錯誤的機制，為公民、法人和其他組織合法權(quán)益提供救濟。依據(jù)這部法律，平均每年通過行政復(fù)議處理行政爭議8萬多件。制定了行政許可法，規(guī)定了行政許可的設(shè)定、實施機關(guān)和實施程序，規(guī)范了行政許可制度，并為減少行政許可，明確了可以設(shè)定行政許可的事項，同時規(guī)定，在公民、法人或者其他組織能夠自主決定、市場競爭機制能夠有效調(diào)節(jié)、行業(yè)組織和中介機構(gòu)能夠自律管理、行政機關(guān)采用事后監(jiān)督等其他行政管理方式能夠解決的情形下，不設(shè)行政許可。為了貫徹落實行政許可法，十屆全國人大常委會第十一次會議一次通過9個法律修正案，取消11項行政許可；國務(wù)院先后撤銷了中央一級的許可事項1749項、改變管理方式121項、下放管理層級46項。制定了行政強制法，明確了設(shè)定和實施行政強制的原則，規(guī)范了行政強制的種類、設(shè)定權(quán)限、實施主體和實施程序，為保證和監(jiān)督行政機關(guān)依法行政，保護公民、法人和其他組織的合法權(quán)益，提供了法律依據(jù)。
To promote the reform and opening up, and expand international economic cooperation and technical exchanges, China enacted Law on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures, Law on Foreign-funded Enterprises and Law on Chinese-Foreign Cooperative Joint Ventures, with provisions on the investment conditions, procedures, operation, supervision, administration, and the protection of legitimate rights and interests of foreign investors in China. The state has established the principle that foreign investors should respect China's sovereignty when investing in China and other principles, including the protection of investors' legitimate rights and interests, equality and mutual benefit, extending of preferential policies and conforming to international prevailing norms, creating a favorable environment for foreign investors in China. To better implement the principles of equality and mutual benefit and conforming to international prevailing norms, China has made several amendments to the above three laws, and fully guarantees the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investors in their investment and commercial activities in China. By the end of 2010 China had approved the establishment of 710,747 foreign-funded enterprises with an actual investment of US$1.107858 trillion, which fully demonstrates the constant improvement of China's legal system regarding the protection of foreign investors.
Administrative laws. Administrative laws are the collection of legal norms on the granting, execution and supervision of administrative power. They regulate the relationships between administrative authorities and subjects of administration because of administrative activities, follow the principles of statutory remit, statutory procedure, fairness and openness, and effective supervision, and guarantee the discharge of the functions and powers of administrative organs, as well as the rights of citizens, legal persons and other organizations. By the end of August 2011 China had enacted 79 administrative laws and a large number of administrative and local regulations regulating administrative power.
China attaches great importance to the regulation of the administrative organs' execution of their power, strengthens the supervision of the execution of administrative power in accordance with the law, and ensures the correct execution of administrative power by administrative organs. China has formulated the Law on Administrative Penalties, established the basic principles of penalty by law, fairness and openness, corresponding penalty for offence and combination of penalty and education, standardized the enactment rights of administrative penalties, developed fairly complete procedures of the decision and execution of administrative penalties, and established the hearing system of administrative penalties, by which an administrative organ, before making a decision on administrative penalty that may have a significance influence on the production and life of the party concerned, shall notify the party the right to request a hearing. The state has promulgated the Administrative Reconsideration Law, established the self-correction mechanism within administrative organs, and provided remedies to citizens, legal persons and other organizations for the protection of their legitimate rights and interests. Under this law, about 80,000 cases of administrative dispute are handled each year. The state has enacted the Administrative Licensing Law, which regulates the institution, executive organs and procedures of administrative licensing, standardizes the system of administrative licensing, and, in order to reduce the number of administrative licensing, defines the matters involved in the application for administrative licensing. It also stipulates that administrative licensing will not be used for matters in which citizens, legal persons and other organizations can make decisions themselves, matters which can be effectively regulated by the competitive mechanism of the market, matters which the organizations of trades or intermediary bodies can manage through self-discipline, and matters which administrative departments can solve by other administrative means such as subsequent supervision. In order to thoroughly implement the Administrative Licensing Law, the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 10th NPC passed nine amendments, removing 11 types of administrative licensing. The State Council canceled 1,749 matters of administrative licensing at the central level, changed the administrative method for 121 matters and transferred 46 matters to lower administrative levels. The state has promulgated the Administrative Coercion Law, which clearly defines the principles of the institution and execution of administrative enforcement, standardizes the types, statutory limits, executive bodies and procedures of administrative enforcement, providing a legal basis for the guarantee and supervision of the administrative organs' performance of administrative functions and powers in accordance with the law, and the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations.
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