陽光是最好的防腐劑，公開是對權(quán)力最好的監(jiān)督。從20世紀80年代開始，中國政府積極推行政務公開、廠務公開、村務公開和公共企事業(yè)單位辦事公開等制度。頒布《中華人民共和國政府信息公開條例》等重要法規(guī)文件，規(guī)定按照公開是原則、不公開是例外的要求，及時、準確地公開除涉及國家秘密、商業(yè)秘密和個人隱私以外的政府信息，依法保障公民的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達權(quán)和監(jiān)督權(quán)。中央和國家機關(guān)、各省(自治區(qū)、直轄市)普遍建立了新聞發(fā)布和新聞發(fā)言人制度，絕大多數(shù)縣級以上政府建立了政府網(wǎng)站。國家司法機關(guān)推進審判公開、檢務公開、警務公開、獄務公開等司法公開制度，為加強對司法活動的監(jiān)督提供了有力保證。中國共產(chǎn)黨積極推進黨務公開，發(fā)布實施《關(guān)于黨的基層組織實行黨務公開的意見》，健全黨內(nèi)情況通報制度，及時公布黨內(nèi)事務特別是黨組織重大決策、干部選拔任用、黨員領(lǐng)導干部執(zhí)行廉潔自律規(guī)定等情況，拓寬黨員了解黨內(nèi)事務和表達個人意見的渠道。
五、通過體制改革和制度創(chuàng)新防治腐敗
改革開放特別是進入21世紀以來，中國堅持用發(fā)展的思路和改革的辦法預防和治理腐敗。針對容易滋生腐敗的重點領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，大力推進體制改革和制度創(chuàng)新，建立適合時代發(fā)展要求的新體制新機制，努力從源頭上防治腐敗。
As sunshine is the best antiseptic, transparency represents the best supervision of power. Since the 1980s, the Chinese govern-ment has proactively implemented the systems of making public government affairs, factory affairs, village affairs, as well as man-agement of public enterprises and institutions. The Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Making Public Government In-formation and some other important statutory documents have been promulgated. The Regulations stipulate that government informa-tion, other than that related to state secrets, business secrets and personal privacy, should be made public in a timely and accurate manner, with the requirement of making public as the principle and holding back as the exception, to guarantee the people’s right to know, participate, express and supervise. The party and state organs and governments of the provinces (including autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) have all established the news release system and spokes-men/spokeswomen system. Most governments above the county level have established government websites. The state judicial or-gans have established the system of open administration of judicial affairs to ensure openness of court, procuratorial, police and prison affairs, supplying a firm guarantee for strengthening supervision over judicial activities. The CPC actively makes Party affairs pub-lic through promulgating and implementing the Opinions on Mak-ing Party Affairs Public at Grass-roots Organizations, improving the Party affairs, promptly announcing Party affairs, such as im-portant decisions made by Party committees, selection and ap-pointment of Party cadres and the implementation of stipulations on combating corruption and self-discipline measures by leading cadres who are Party members, thus expanding the channel for Party members to be informed of intra-Party affairs and express their individual opinions.
V. Prevention of Corruption through System Reform and Institutional Innovation
Since the reform and opening-up drive was launched in 1978, especially since the beginning of the 21st century, China has ad-hered to the principle of controlling and combating corruption by way of development and reform. In view of the major fields and key links likely to breed corruption, vigorous efforts have been made to promote institutional reform and innovation, to establish new institutions and mechanisms that accord with the demands of the times and strive to prevent and control corruption at the very source.
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