上述連系動(dòng)詞中,除be和seem外,大多可用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞(用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞時(shí)詞義與用作連系動(dòng)同不同),例如appear (出現(xiàn)),look (看),feel (感覺,觸摸),prove(證明),sound (使發(fā)聲,聽診),smell (嗅到,覺察到),taste (品嘗,體驗(yàn))等。翻譯時(shí)必須辨別這兩種動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別。
辨別上述動(dòng)詞是連系動(dòng)詞還是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的方法主要是:(1)如為連系動(dòng)詞,必須后接表示性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、特征之類的表語;(2)用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞時(shí),可為不及物動(dòng)詞,也可為及物動(dòng)詞,及物動(dòng)詞后一般都帶有賓語。如動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)形式,可肯定為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞。
上述連系動(dòng)詞在下列例句中均為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞:
1. The doctor felt the patient's pulse.
醫(yī)生為病人把了脈。
2. When you look deeper, you will find some difference between them.
如果更深入地觀察,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間有點(diǎn)區(qū)別了。
3. Morning sickness usually appears about two weeks after a missed period and subsides about six weeks later.
通常晨吐約在停經(jīng)后兩周出現(xiàn),而約在6周后消失。
4. The doctor sounded his lungs carefully.
醫(yī)生仔細(xì)地聽診他的肺音。
5. He smelt something troublesome.
他覺察到有了麻煩.
(二)表示保持某種狀態(tài)或繼續(xù)具有某種性質(zhì)。這類連系動(dòng)詞常用的有:remain (仍舊是,保留為),keep (保持為),stay (保持為),continue(繼續(xù)是),stand (仍舊……,繼續(xù)……),rest (依然是,保持),lie (保持…… 狀態(tài)),sit (保持......狀態(tài))等。
舉例說明:
1. The patient's temperature stayed around 40℃.
患者的熱度持續(xù)在 40℃左右。
2. If the person remains in health, the bacteria may be carried with no ill effect.
如果人能保持健康,所帶細(xì)菌可能不起致病作用。
3. The patients condition continued fine for several days.
患者的病情持續(xù)幾天穩(wěn)定。
4. The temperature of the human body keeps nearly constant.
人的體溫幾乎保持恒定。
5. The thermometer stood at 26℃.
溫度計(jì)顯示的讀數(shù)為26℃。