中醫(yī)藥在醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革中發(fā)揮重要作用。在深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革中，充分發(fā)揮中醫(yī)藥臨床療效確切、預(yù)防保健作用獨特、治療方式靈活、費用相對低廉的特色優(yōu)勢，放大了醫(yī)改的惠民效果，豐富了中國特色基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度的內(nèi)涵。中醫(yī)藥以較低的投入，提供了與資源份額相比較高的服務(wù)份額，2009年至2015年，中醫(yī)類醫(yī)療機構(gòu)診療服務(wù)量占醫(yī)療服務(wù)總量由14.3%上升到15.7%。2015年，公立中醫(yī)類醫(yī)院比公立醫(yī)院門診次均費用低11.5%，住院人均費用低24%。
建立起獨具特色的中醫(yī)藥人才培養(yǎng)體系。把人才培養(yǎng)作為中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展的根本，大力發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥教育，基本形成院校教育、畢業(yè)后教育、繼續(xù)教育有機銜接，師承教育貫穿始終的中醫(yī)藥人才培養(yǎng)體系，初步建立社區(qū)、農(nóng)村基層中醫(yī)藥實用型人才培養(yǎng)機制，實現(xiàn)從中高職、本科、碩士到博士的中醫(yī)學(xué)、中藥學(xué)、中西醫(yī)結(jié)合、民族醫(yī)藥等多層次、多學(xué)科、多元化教育全覆蓋。截至2015年年底，全國有高等中醫(yī)藥院校42所（其中獨立設(shè)置的本科中醫(yī)藥院校25所），200余所高等西醫(yī)藥院校或非醫(yī)藥院校設(shè)置中醫(yī)藥專業(yè)，在校學(xué)生總數(shù)達75.2萬人。實施中醫(yī)藥傳承與創(chuàng)新人才工程，開展第五批全國名老中醫(yī)藥專家學(xué)術(shù)經(jīng)驗繼承工作，建設(shè)了1016個全國名老中醫(yī)藥專家傳承工作室、200個全國基層名老中醫(yī)藥專家傳承工作室，為64個中醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)流派建立傳承工作室。開展全國優(yōu)秀中醫(yī)臨床人才研修、中藥特色技術(shù)傳承骨干人才培訓(xùn)、鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生中醫(yī)藥知識技能培訓(xùn)等高層次和基層中醫(yī)藥人才培養(yǎng)項目。124名中醫(yī)藥傳承博士后正在出站考核。探索建立引導(dǎo)優(yōu)秀人才脫穎而出的褒獎機制，開展了兩屆國醫(yī)大師評選，60位從事中醫(yī)藥、民族醫(yī)藥工作的老專家獲得“國醫(yī)大師”榮譽稱號。
Important role played by TCM in the reform of the medical care system. In the course of advancing the reform, TCM's distinct strengths, such as its clinical effectiveness, its unique role, flexible ways of treatment and relatively low cost in disease prevention and healthcare, have been fully exploited to augment benefits of reform for the people and enriched the connotation of China's basic medical care system with distinct characteristics. With relatively low cost, TCM has contributed rather a higher share of services in relation to the resources it is entitled to. The medical care services provided by TCM institutions in the national total increased from 14.3 percent to 15.7 percent in the few years from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, out-patient expenses per visit and in-patient expenses per capita at public TCM hospitals were, respectively, 11.5 percent and 24 percent lower than those at general public hospitals.
Building a distinctive system of training for TCM professionals. Training of professionals is essential for the development of TCM. Thus, great efforts have been made to promote development of education in TCM, basically putting in place a system of training for TCM professionals that features an organic link-up between college, graduate and continuing education, and run through master-apprenticeship training. This, together with a mechanism for training of practical TCM professionals geared toward the needs of the urban and rural communities that has also been initially established, forms a multi-dimensional education network covering multiple disciplines at different levels, including TCM, traditional Chinese pharmacology, integrated Chinese and Western medicine, and ethnic minority medicine at secondary and higher vocational schools, colleges, postgraduate and doctoral studies. By the end of 2015, there were throughout the country 42 institutions of higher learning in TCM (including 25 TCM colleges), and more than 200 Western medicine institutions of higher learning or non-medical higher learning institutions offering programs in TCM, enrolling in total as many as 752,000 students.
In the course of implementing the program of training professionals for inheritance and innovation in TCM, efforts have been made to conserve and disseminate the academic ideas and practical experience of the fifth batch of prominent TCM experts. By 2015, 1,016 studios had been set up for carrying forward their expertise; 200 studios had been set up for passing on the expertise of prominent TCM experts at the grassroots level; 64 studios had been established for promoting various schools of TCM.
TCM training programs targeted at professionals at both grassroots and higher levels have been held, such as training in TCM knowledge and skills for village doctors, training for conserving special traditional pharmacological skills, and advanced training for outstanding TCM clinical practitioners. Together, 124 researchers are finishing postdoctoral studies in TCM inheritance at the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and their work is being evaluated. Exploration has been made in establishing an incentive mechanism for outstanding TCM workers to come to the fore. By 2015, the title of TCM Master had been awarded to a total of 60 experts practicing TCM and ethnic minority medicine.
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