為建立起覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，保障每個居民都能享有安全、有效、方便、價廉的基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，中國深入推進醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，取得了重要階段性成效。
一、衛(wèi)生基本狀況
居民健康狀況不斷改善。從反映國民健康狀況的重要指標(biāo)看，中國居民的健康水平已處于發(fā)展中國家前列。2010年人均期望壽命達到74.8歲，其中男性72.4歲，女性77.4歲。孕產(chǎn)婦死亡率從2002年的51.3/10萬下降到2011年的26.1/10萬。嬰兒死亡率及5歲以下兒童死亡率持續(xù)下降，嬰兒死亡率從2002年的29.2‰下降到2011年的12.1‰，5歲以下兒童死亡率從2002年的34.9‰下降到2011年的15.6‰，提前實現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)。
To put into place basic medical and healthcare systems covering both urban and rural residents, and ensure that every resident has access to safe, effective, convenient and affordable basic medical and health services, China has kept advancing the reform of its medical and healthcare system, and made important achievements in the current stage.
I. Basic Conditions
The people's health has been improved. Judging from important indicators that give expression to national health, the health of the Chinese people is now among the top in developing countries. In 2010, the life expectancy was 74.8 years - 72.4 years for males and 77.4 years for females; the maternal mortality rate went down from 51.3 per 100,000 in 2002 to 26.1 per 100,000 in 2011; the infant mortality rate and the mortality rate of children under the age of five have kept dropping, with the former going down from 29.2 per thousand in 2002 to 12.1 per thousand in 2011, and the latter, from 34.9 per thousand to 15.6 per thousand, attaining ahead of schedule the UN Millennium Development Goal in this regard.
Medical and Health Services in China-Figure 1: China's per-capita life expectancy (years), according to a white paper released by the Information Office of the State Council on Dec. 26, 2012. (Xinhua)
Medical and Health Services in China-Figure 2: China's maternal mortality rate (one in 100,000) from 1990 to 2011, according to a white paper released by the Information Office of the State Council on Dec. 26, 2012. (Xinhua)
Medical and Health Services in China-Figure 3: China's infant mortality rate from 1991 to 2011, according to a white paper released by the Information Office of the State Council on Dec. 26, 2012. (Xinhua)
Medical and Health Services in China-Figure 4: China's mortality rate of children under five years of age from 1991 to 2011, according to a white paper released by the Information Office of the State Council on Dec. 26, 2012. (Xinhua)
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