- 簽證留學(xué) |
- 筆譯 |
- 口譯
- 求職 |
- 日/韓語 |
- 德語
讀者認(rèn)識(shí)self這個(gè)詞恐怕是從myself, yourself之類反身代詞開始的。在這些代詞中-self是后綴,意思比較單純,就等于英語中古已有之的單詞self (自己)。self-作為一個(gè)本族語派生前綴,語源雖然相同,功能與含義卻復(fù)雜得多,以self-開頭的派生詞更是數(shù)以百計(jì)。在這些派生詞中,self-有時(shí)相當(dāng)于名詞性的oneself (自我),充當(dāng)詞基單詞的賓語;更多的卻是相當(dāng)于“介詞+ oneself”(自身的,自我的),修飾與限定詞基單詞;此外, self-還引申出automatic或automatically (自動(dòng))的意思,出現(xiàn)于許多科技術(shù)語中。應(yīng)特別注意的是,在構(gòu)詞中,self-都帶有連字符(-),而且它不影響詞基單詞的詞性。
下面根據(jù)self-的含義舉代表性詞例以資說明。
self-deceiving [ self- = oneself 自己;deceiving a. 欺騙…的→] a. deceiving oneself欺騙自己的,自欺欺人的/ What he said was only a self-deceiving excuse.他的話只不過是自欺欺人的借口而已。
self-supporting [self- = oneself 自己;supporting a. 支持…的→] a. supporting oneself without outside aid; getting along without help能自己支持的;自主的,自給的/ The children will soon become self-supporting and independent. 小孩子們將很快會(huì)自立自主的。
self-conscious [ self- = of oneself 自我的;conscious a. 意識(shí)到的=>“conscious of oneself 意識(shí)到自己的” →]a. aware of one's own existence, actions and therefore embarrassed 自我意識(shí)的; 不自然的,害羞的 / John felt self-conscious and awkward in the waiting-room. 約翰坐在接待室里感到非常忸怩不安。