3. 選擇模式擬定提綱

擬定提綱就是把構(gòu)思好的題材按作文主旨的要求，根據(jù)一定的模式組織成層次清楚、合乎邏輯、前后連貫的作文框架。

經(jīng)過對題目的醞釀構(gòu)思，把篩選的內(nèi)容按前后、重要次序排列，整理歸納成寫文章的框架。仍以“Benefits of Sports and Games”為例，根據(jù)篩選整理的內(nèi)容，主要采用列舉法擬定以下提綱。

A. Benefits to body health

a. Make us strong

b. Especially help mental workers exercise their bodies

B. Benefits to life variety

a. Make one versatile(多才多藝的）

b. Enrich one's life with sports and games

C.Benefits to character-training

a. Enhance courage and enthusiasm

b.Train collectivist spirit

4. 內(nèi)容寫作

經(jīng)過構(gòu)思、擬定提綱這兩個步驟，作者即可落筆成章。寫作時，再加一個開頭和結(jié)尾，即可形成一篇完整的說明文。

5. 檢查修改

檢查修改是作文寫作的最后一步。檢查時可從章、段、句、詞4個層次入手：1）檢查篇章的主題是否清楚？段落的安排是否合理?段與段之間的過渡是否自然、符合邏輯？文章的層次是否清楚明了?是否有與主題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容？2）檢查段落是否有明確的主題？主題句是否有概括性？推展句是否起到說明和解釋主題句的作用？句與句之間的過渡是否連貫?段落層次是否分明?邏輯是否清楚？3）句型是否多樣化（簡單句、復(fù)合句、復(fù)雜句是否交叉使用）？句子結(jié)構(gòu)的運用是否正確？有沒有不恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥觿h除？語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否合乎規(guī)

則？是否有時態(tài)不一致、主謂不一致、垂懸句、破句、串句、指代不明、修飾錯位等錯誤?4)遣詞方面要檢查詞匯的運用是否妥當(dāng)，動詞的搭配、副詞的位置、形容詞的用法、名詞的數(shù)和代詞的格和性是否正確？有沒有詞性混淆或詞語誤用？拼寫是否正確？最后還要檢查標(biāo)點符號和大小寫是否正確。通過反復(fù)的檢查修改，才能寫出好的文章來。

6. 作文寫作步驟范例

題目：The Learning of the Chinese Language

步驟一：縮小寫作范圍，明確主題和寫作方法

范圍：People all over the world are beginning to learn Chinese

主題思想：Chinese will become one of the most important languages in the world.

文體：說明文

角度：第一人稱

步驟二：構(gòu)思

rich history, rich culture, more and more people, interested in learning Chinese ,because, they do research on the culture, do business with the Chinese, economic exchange, but Chinese is difficult,

The Chinese language is learnt in more than 50 countries, implement, reforms open-policy, in the future, become more

important,widely spread,learnt in about 1,000 schools,etc.

步驟三：篩選整理

(1) be interested in learning Chinese

(2) rich culture and history

(3) do research on the culture

(4) reforms and open-policy

(5) economic exchange

(6) Chinese is taught in more than 1,000 schools

(7) Chinese is taught in about 50 countries

(8) become more important in the future

(9) widely spread

步驟四：選擇模式、擬定提綱

A. Many people from all over the world beginning to take an interest in the Chinese language

B. Reasons for taking an interest in the Chinese Language

a. to do research on the culture

b. to have economic and cultural exchanges

C. Prospects of the Chinese language

a. to become more important

b. to be spread world widely

步驟五：內(nèi)容寫作及修改

The Learning of the Chinese Language

Nowadays, more and more people all over the world are beginning to take an interest in Chinese. To my knowing,

Chinese language is learned in more than 1, 000 schools in more than 50 countries.

The reason for learning Chinese is that, first, China's ancient culture has attracted many people in the world. To understand and do research on this culture you must learn the Chinese language. Second, implement of China's economic reform and opening to the outside world has increased economic and culture changes.It is natural for people to learn Chinese in order to learn more about nowaday's China more quickly.

I'm sure that Chinese will become more important language in the world in the next century. As China will open future to the outside world the language is sure to spread the world widely.

修改文

The Learning of the Chinese Language

Nowadays more and more friends all over the world are beginning to take an interest in the Chinese language. To my

knowledge, Chinese language courses are given in more than 1,000 schools in over 50 countries.

There are various reasons for the widespread interest in Chinese.First of all, China's ancient culture has attracted many

people in the world. To understand and do research on this culture one must learn the Chinese language. Second,

implementation of China's economic reform and opening to the outside world has increased Sino-foreign economic and cultural exchanges. Therefore it's natural for people to learn Chinese in order to learn more about contemporary China more quickly.

I am sure that Chinese will become one of the most important languages in the world in the 2lst century. As China will open further to the outside world the language is sure to be spread world widely.

本文的模式屬于分析類。發(fā)展段對引言段中主題句所含的主旨進行逐一分析，闡明了其原因。也可以說是因果模式，先說果，后說因。在分析原因的過程中，又采用了列舉的方法。最后一段通過分析得出結(jié)論。

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