4. 雅夏到財主査魯斯基家行竊，一進屋。

[原文] Strange, that the very safe that Yadwiga had described should be right next to him. It stood on end, long and black as coffin. The powers that control man's destiny had led him directly to Zaruski's board.

[譯文]真奇怪，雅德維加說的那個保險箱居然就在他身旁。它豎擺著，又長又黑，像一口棺材。控制人的命運的那股力量引導著雅夏徑直向查魯斯基藏著錢財?shù)牡胤阶呷ァ?/p>

[討論] 根據(jù)譯文，“保險箱”已經(jīng)在他的身旁，還要“向藏著錢財?shù)牡胤阶呷ァ薄Ｄ敲?，“藏著錢財?shù)牡胤健焙汀氨ｋU箱”是一回事，還是兩回事?

看看原文，二者本是一碼事。但譯者把動詞had led him to的意思弄錯了。

had led him to過去完成時，已經(jīng)完成的動作。意“已經(jīng)把他領(lǐng)到”，譯成了現(xiàn)在時“引導著他向……走去?！?/p>

[后一句改] 控制人們命運的力量竟徑直把他領(lǐng)到査魯斯基藏著錢財?shù)牡胤健?/p>

5. —個貴族舉行盛大舞會，準備工作正緊張進行著。

[原文] the kitchen was in a great bustle with preparations...there were dishes to prepared，silver and gold vessels to be cleaned and scoured，floors to be polished.

[譯文] 廚房里也亂哄哄的……菜肴準備好了，金銀器皿洗凈擦亮了，地板磨光了……

[討論]譯文稍稍欠合理。既然什么都已準備好了，便應該一切秩序井然，有條不紊才對，怎么還會“亂哄哄的”呢？

原來將幾個不定式的時態(tài)弄錯了。

To be prepared, to be cleaned and scoured, to be polished 都是不定式的一般式被動語態(tài)，表示該做尚未做的事。意：“應被準備，應被洗凈擦亮，應被磨光”。

譯者則按完成式理解了。但其完成式的被動語態(tài)分別應為：to have been prepared, to have been cleaned and scoured, to have been polished (被準備好了，被洗凈擦亮了，被磨光了)。

結(jié)果應予完成的事變成了已經(jīng)完成的事。

正因為這許多事尚未完成（正進行中，或正在安排中），所以顯得“亂哄哄”的。

[改譯] 廚房的準備工作極為忙亂緊張……要準備菜肴、要洗擦金銀器皿、要擦洗地板……

責任編輯：admin