(一)古體詞的運用
古體詞是法律英語的特色。合同作為法律性文件,適當?shù)厥褂糜⒄Z古體詞匯,可以使行文更加正式、嚴肅。這類詞主要由here、there及where加上after、by、in、of、on、to、 under、upon、with 等構成,具體如下:
hereafter after this in sequence or in time, in some future time or state 此后,以后
hereby by this means 以此方式,以此,特此
herefrom from this fact or statement 由此,從此
herein in this document 此中,于此,在此文件中
hereinabove at a prior point in this writing or document 前文
hereinafter in the following part of this writing or document 在下文
hereinbefore in the preceding part of this writing or document 在上文
hereof of this 就此,關于此
hereto to this writing or document 對此,至此
hereunder under or in accordance with this writing or document 在下面,在下文
herewith with this communication : enclosed in this 同此,以此
thereafter after that 此后,后來
thereby by that means 按此
therefrom from that 從此,從那里
therein in or into that place, time, or thing 在那里,在其中
thereinafter in the following part of that matter (as writing, document, or speech) 在下文
thereof of that 在其中
thereto to that 此外,在其上
thereunder under that part of a contract 在其下,按規(guī)定條款
therewith with that 與此
whereby by which 按,靠那個
wherein in which 在那方面
whereof of which 關于那個
whereon on what 因此,在什么上面
whereto to what place, purpose, or end 何以,向何處,為什么
whereunder under what 在其下,在那下面
例1
【原文】This contract is made this 19th of February, 2006 by WFX Corporation (hereinafter referred to as “Sellers”)who agree to sell and HJ Corporation (hereinafter referred to as “Buyers”),who agree to buy the following goods on the terms and conditions as below.
【譯文】本合同由WFX公司(以下簡稱“賣方”)與HJ公司(以下簡稱“買方”)于2006 年2月19日訂立,雙方同意按下述條件買賣下列貨物。
例2
【原文】IN WITNESSTH WHEREOF the parties hereto have executed this Contract by their authorized representatives as of the date first above written.
【譯文】茲特由雙方授權的代表,于上述首開日期和簽署本合同為據(jù)。
【賞析】此例中的“IN WITOESSTH WHEREOF”意思是“作為協(xié)議事項的證據(jù)”,是格式化的合同語言,類似采用大寫形式的還有:IN CONSIDERATION OF(考慮到,以 ……為約因)、WHEREAS (鑒于)、IN THE PRESENCE OF (見證人)、NOW THEREFORE(特此、茲特)、NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS(茲特立約為據(jù))。
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