憲法是中國特色社會(huì)主義法律體系的統(tǒng)帥。憲法是國家的根本法，在中國特色社會(huì)主義法律體系中居于統(tǒng)帥地位，是國家長治久安、民族團(tuán)結(jié)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)進(jìn)步的根本保障。在中國，各族人民、一切國家機(jī)關(guān)和武裝力量、各政黨和各社會(huì)團(tuán)體、各企業(yè)事業(yè)組織，都必須以憲法為根本的活動(dòng)準(zhǔn)則，并負(fù)有維護(hù)憲法尊嚴(yán)、保證憲法實(shí)施的職責(zé)。
中國現(xiàn)行憲法是一部具有中國特色、符合社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要的憲法，是治國安邦的總章程。它是經(jīng)過全民討論，于1982年由全國人民代表大會(huì)通過的。根據(jù)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展，全國人民代表大會(huì)先后通過了4個(gè)憲法修正案，對憲法的部分內(nèi)容作了修改。中國憲法確立了國家的根本制度和根本任務(wù)，確立了中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位，確立了馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想的指導(dǎo)地位，確立了工人階級領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的、以工農(nóng)聯(lián)盟為基礎(chǔ)的人民民主專政的國體，確立了人民代表大會(huì)制度的政體，規(guī)定國家的一切權(quán)力屬于人民、公民依法享有廣泛的權(quán)利和自由，確立了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度、民族區(qū)域自治制度以及基層群眾自治制度，確立了公有制為主體、多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展的基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度和按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度。
The Constitution is the paramount law of the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics. As China's fundamental law, the Constitution assumes the commanding position in the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics and is the fundamental guarantee of lasting stability and security, unity of ethnic groups, economic development and social progress. In China, people of all ethnic groups, all state organs, the armed forces, all political parties and public organizations, and all enterprises and institutions in the country must take the Constitution as the basic standard of conduct, and they have the duty to uphold the dignity of the Constitution and ensure its implementation.
China's present Constitution is one with Chinese characteristics and geared to the needs of socialist modernization, and is the general charter for governance of the country and good order of the nation. It was passed by the NPC in 1982 after nationwide discussion. Later, in accordance with the national economic and social development, the NPC passed four Amendments to the Constitution. China's Constitution defines the basic system and basic tasks of the state, affirms the leadership of the CPC, establishes the guiding role of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of the Three Represents, determines the state system as a people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants, and takes the system of people's congresses as the form of administration. It rules that all state power belongs to the people and that the citizens enjoy extensive rights and freedom in accordance with the law, establishes the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy and the system of primary-level self-governance, and specifies the basic economic system in which public ownership is dominant and diverse forms of ownership develop side by side and the distribution system in which distribution according to work is dominant and diverse modes of distribution coexist. While maintaining its stability, China's Constitution is constantly improving and advancing with the times, along with the reform and opening up and the progress of the cause of socialist modernization. Promptly written into the Constitution are important experience, principles and systems that have been proven mature by practice, which fully reflects the outstanding achievements of China's reform and opening up, the great achievements of the cause of socialist construction with Chinese characteristics and the self-improvement and constant development of the socialist system, providing a fundamental guarantee for the progress of the reform and opening up, and socialist modernization.
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