殘疾人工作體制逐步健全。在推進(jìn)殘疾人事業(yè)的工作實(shí)踐中，形成了黨委領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、政府負(fù)責(zé)、社會(huì)參與、殘疾人組織充分發(fā)揮作用的中國殘疾人工作體制。2008年3月發(fā)布《中共中央 國務(wù)院關(guān)于促進(jìn)殘疾人事業(yè)發(fā)展的意見》，明確了殘疾人事業(yè)發(fā)展的總體要求。成立由34個(gè)部委和機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人組成的國務(wù)院殘疾人工作委員會(huì)（簡稱“國務(wù)院殘工委”），協(xié)調(diào)國務(wù)院有關(guān)殘疾人事業(yè)方針、政策、法規(guī)、規(guī)劃的制定與實(shí)施，解決殘疾人工作中的重大問題。國務(wù)院殘工委各成員單位按照部門分工履行殘疾人事業(yè)有關(guān)職責(zé)，推動(dòng)有關(guān)殘疾人政策的制定與落實(shí)。全國縣級以上人民政府均成立了殘疾人工作委員會(huì)。中國殘聯(lián)及地方各級殘聯(lián)充分發(fā)揮代表、服務(wù)、管理職能，成為黨和政府聯(lián)系殘疾人的橋梁和紐帶。工會(huì)、共青團(tuán)、婦聯(lián)等人民團(tuán)體和老齡協(xié)會(huì)等社會(huì)組織發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢，維護(hù)殘疾職工、殘疾青年、殘疾婦女、殘疾兒童和殘疾老人的合法權(quán)益。紅十字會(huì)、慈善會(huì)、殘疾人福利基金會(huì)等慈善組織為殘疾人事業(yè)籌集善款，開展愛心捐助活動(dòng)。企事業(yè)單位承擔(dān)社會(huì)責(zé)任，為殘疾人事業(yè)發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)力量。
Improving the support system for persons with disabilities. To provide better protection to persons with disabilities, we have formed a support system in which the CPC Party committees take the lead, the government takes responsibilities, the public gives support, and disabled persons’ organizations play an important role. In March 2008, the “Directives of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Promoting the Cause of Persons with Disabilities” was released, which stipulates the general requirements for this work. The State Council Working Committee on Disability was set up by leaders from 34 ministries, departments and organizations to coordinate the formulation and implementation of guidelines, policies, regulations and programs made by the State Council in relation to persons with disabilities, and to address major problems in this regard. The member units of this committee are assigned duties to meet this goal.
The people’s governments above the county level have set up their own committees to develop programs of persons with disabilities. As the bridge and the bond between the Party, the government, and persons with disabilities, the CDPF and its local branches employ to the full their capacity to represent, manage and serve the interests of this group. The Labor Union, the Communist Youth League, the Women’s Federation, and the Association for the Elderly apply their strength to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of workers, youth, women, children and the elderly with disabilities. The Red Cross Society, Charity Society, and China Foundation for Disabled Persons help to raise money and collect donations for those with disabilities. Enterprises and public institutions shoulder their
responsibilities to play their part in helping these people.
殘疾人組織得到充分發(fā)展。中國殘聯(lián)是國家法律確認(rèn)、國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)的由殘疾人及其親友和殘疾人工作者組成的人民團(tuán)體，它代表殘疾人共同利益，維護(hù)殘疾人合法權(quán)益；團(tuán)結(jié)幫助殘疾人，為殘疾人服務(wù)；履行法律賦予的職責(zé)，承擔(dān)政府委托的任務(wù)，管理和發(fā)展殘疾人事業(yè)。中國殘聯(lián)的最高權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)是全國代表大會(huì)，每五年舉行一次。截至2018年，全國（除新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)、黑龍江墾區(qū)外）共成立殘聯(lián)組織4.2萬個(gè)。中國殘聯(lián)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)盲人協(xié)會(huì)、聾人協(xié)會(huì)、肢殘人協(xié)會(huì)、智力殘疾人及親友協(xié)會(huì)、精神殘疾人及親友協(xié)會(huì)等專門協(xié)會(huì)。截至2018年，全國共建立省、地（市）、縣三級五類殘疾人專門協(xié)會(huì)1.6萬個(gè)。
Full development of disabled persons’ federations. The CDPF is a legitimate
organization approved by the State Council. It is composed of persons with disabilities, their relatives, and personnel working for them. It represents and safeguards the legitimate rights and interests of persons with disabilities, and aims to unite, help and serve them. It performs duties assigned by law, undertakes tasks entrusted by the government, and manages and develops programs of persons with disabilities. The highest authority of the CDPF is the National Congress, which is held every five years. By 2018, a total of 42,000 disabled persons’ federations had been set up across the nation (with the exception of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and Heilongjiang Reclamation Area). The CDPF takes leadership
over the China Association of Persons with Visual Disabilities, the China Association of Persons with Hearing Disabilities, the China Association of Persons with Physical Disabilities, the China Association of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities and Their Relatives, and the China Association of Persons with Psychiatric Disabilities and Their Relatives. By 2018, a total of 16,000 branches of these associations at provincial, prefectural (municipal) and county levels were in place.
殘疾人數(shù)據(jù)收集和統(tǒng)計(jì)機(jī)制不斷完善。加強(qiáng)殘疾人事業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查，規(guī)范和完善殘疾人權(quán)益保障的統(tǒng)計(jì)指標(biāo)，實(shí)現(xiàn)殘疾人權(quán)益保障精細(xì)化管理、精準(zhǔn)化服務(wù)。逐步建立國家和?。▍^(qū)、市）殘疾人狀況監(jiān)測體系，制定統(tǒng)計(jì)監(jiān)測指標(biāo)體系，建立各地區(qū)各部門綜合統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)表和定期報(bào)送審評制度。1987年和2006年開展了兩次全國殘疾人抽樣調(diào)查，掌握了殘疾人及其人權(quán)保障的基本狀況。自2015年開始，每年開展全國殘疾人基本服務(wù)狀況和需求調(diào)查，統(tǒng)計(jì)全國殘疾人的基本服務(wù)狀況、需求信息以及社區(qū)殘疾人基本公共服務(wù)狀況信息，建立殘疾人基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫，實(shí)現(xiàn)與政府有關(guān)部門數(shù)據(jù)共享。2018年收集全國3308萬持有中華人民共和國殘疾人證的殘疾人基本服務(wù)狀況和需求的動(dòng)態(tài)信息，以及近69萬個(gè)村（社區(qū)）的殘疾人服務(wù)設(shè)施狀況信息。
Improving data collection and census mechanisms for persons with disabilities. In order to optimize management and fine-tune services, China has strengthened processes for gathering data on persons with disabilities, and for regulating and improving the statistical indicators for the protection of their rights and interests. It has established systems for monitoring disability at the national and provincial levels, for gathering data and monitoring indicators, and for collecting comprehensive statistical forms from all departments and all regions and having them submitted regularly to higher-level authorities for review. Two national surveys on disability in 1987 and 2006 gave us a clearer picture of this group and of the protection of their human rights. Since 2015, surveys have been carried out on their basic services and demands, and on public services available to them at the community level. Databases have been built, and data shared among relevant departments of the
government. In 2018, dynamic information on the services accessible to and demands of 33.08 million persons with disability certificates, and information on service facilities for persons with disabilities in 690,000 villages (communities) was gathered.
上一篇：《平等、參與、共享：新中國殘疾人權(quán)益保障70年》白皮書（中英對照全文）III
下一篇：《平等、參與、共享：新中國殘疾人權(quán)益保障70年》白皮書（中英對照全文）I
微信公眾號搜索“譯員”關(guān)注我們，每天為您推送翻譯理論和技巧，外語學(xué)習(xí)及翻譯招聘信息。