信息無障礙建設(shè)步伐加快。制定關(guān)于信息無障礙的國家技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推動(dòng)政務(wù)和公共服務(wù)網(wǎng)站的信息無障礙建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)信息無障礙標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系建設(shè)，發(fā)布多個(gè)國家及行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，為殘疾人便利使用信息通信設(shè)備、獲取互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息、操縱輔助裝置等提供有效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)支撐。推進(jìn)中國政務(wù)網(wǎng)站信息無障礙建設(shè)。截至2018年，500多家政府單位完成了信息無障礙公共服務(wù)平臺(tái)建設(shè)，3萬多個(gè)政務(wù)和公共服務(wù)網(wǎng)站實(shí)現(xiàn)了無障礙服務(wù)。將手語和盲文的規(guī)范化和推廣作為國家義務(wù)，《國家中長期語言文字事業(yè)改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要（2012－2020年）》和《國家語言文字事業(yè)改革“十三五”發(fā)展規(guī)劃》將手語和盲文納入國家語言文字工作總體規(guī)劃。
2018年，《國家通用手語常用詞表》和《國家通用盲文方案》正式頒布實(shí)施。全國人民代表大會(huì)等重大會(huì)議的直播加配手語播報(bào)，中央廣電總臺(tái)和部分地方電視臺(tái)在重要節(jié)目中加配手語播報(bào)服務(wù)。截至2018年，全國省、地市級(jí)電視臺(tái)共開設(shè)電視手語欄目295個(gè)，廣播電臺(tái)共開設(shè)殘疾人專題廣播節(jié)目230個(gè)，省、地（市）、縣三級(jí)公共圖書館共設(shè)立盲文及盲文有聲讀物閱覽室1124個(gè)。對(duì)殘疾人信息消費(fèi)給予優(yōu)惠或補(bǔ)貼。中國殘聯(lián)、工業(yè)和信息化部發(fā)布《關(guān)于支持視力、聽力、言語殘疾人信息消費(fèi)的指導(dǎo)意見》，鼓勵(lì)基礎(chǔ)電信企業(yè)推出面向特定人群的資費(fèi)優(yōu)惠，引導(dǎo)大型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)為從事互聯(lián)網(wǎng)行業(yè)的視力、聽力、言語殘疾人在技能培訓(xùn)、運(yùn)營管理、信息共享等方面提供便利。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)也在提升殘疾人網(wǎng)購體驗(yàn)、開放信息無障礙技術(shù)、開展職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)等方面提供了一系列服務(wù)。
Information accessibility has been improved. China has drawn up national technical standards for information accessibility, and upgraded government and public service websites. The state has issued a series of national and industrial standards for persons with disabilities to use information communications equipment, to obtain online information, and to operate assistive devices, which has further completed China’s system of standards in this field. China has also made efforts to enable persons with disabilities to access information on government websites. By 2018, over 500 government departments had built accessible public service platforms, and more than 30,000 websites on government affairs and public service on had removed barriers for persons with disabilities.
The state is obligated to standardize and promote sign language and Braille. The “Outline of the Long and Medium-term Reform and Development Plan of Spoken and Written Languages of China (2012-2020)” and the “National Reform Plan of Spoken and Written Languages During the 13th Five-year Plan Period (2016-2020)” both include sign language and Braille in the overall plan. The “Lexicon of Common Expressions in Chinese National Sign Language” and the “Chinese Common Braille Scheme” were issued and came into effect in 2018. Important meetings such as the NPC plenary sessions have sign language interpretation in live broadcast, and China Media Group and some local television stations provide sign language interpretation for some important programs. In 2018, provincial and prefectural/city television stations ran 295 sign language programs, and radio stations broadcast 230 programs for persons with disabilities; and public libraries at provincial, prefectural/city and county levels had 1,124 Braille and audio rooms.
China offers preferential policies or subsidies to persons with disabilities to enable them to access information. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the CDPF jointly issued the “Guiding Opinions on Supporting the Information Consumption by People with Visual, Hearing or Speech Impairments”, which encourages telecommunications service providers to offer preferential plans to these specific groups, and guides large internet companies to provide convenience for these people in such domains as skills training, operations management, and information sharing, to facilitate their participation in internet-related businesses. Internet companies also make efforts to improve their online shopping experience, to share information accessibility technologies, and to give vocational skill training.
重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域無障礙建設(shè)積極推進(jìn)。啟動(dòng)到2035年交通運(yùn)輸無障礙出行服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，交通運(yùn)輸部在客運(yùn)樞紐、高速公路服務(wù)區(qū)、客運(yùn)碼頭、地鐵站等交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施以及城市公共汽車電車、地鐵等交通工具的設(shè)計(jì)使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中增加無障礙要求。各地積極推廣應(yīng)用無障礙化客運(yùn)車輛，在公共交通工具上設(shè)置“老弱病殘”專座，使用低地板公交車和無障礙出租汽車。大部分城市公交車都配備車載屏幕和語音報(bào)站系統(tǒng)，部分城市公交車安裝了車載導(dǎo)盲系統(tǒng)。多個(gè)省份客運(yùn)設(shè)施無障礙建設(shè)率達(dá)到100%。鐵路部門為3400余輛動(dòng)車組列車設(shè)置了殘疾人專座，允許盲人攜帶導(dǎo)盲犬乘坐火車。銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)改造輪椅坡道和盲道，配置語音叫號(hào)系統(tǒng)、叫號(hào)顯示屏等設(shè)備，設(shè)立無障礙衛(wèi)生間和無障礙停車位。郵政部門為重度殘疾人提供上門服務(wù)，快遞行業(yè)為聾人客戶提供短信服務(wù)，盲人讀物免費(fèi)寄送。完善訴訟無障礙設(shè)施及服務(wù)。大力推進(jìn)法院接待場(chǎng)所、審判場(chǎng)所的無障礙設(shè)施建設(shè)，方便殘疾人參加訴訟。積極推進(jìn)信息交流無障礙環(huán)境建設(shè)，根據(jù)案件情況，允許相關(guān)輔助、陪護(hù)人員陪同殘疾當(dāng)事人出庭。
Creating an accessible environment has been promoted in key areas. The 2035 plan for a barrier-free public transport system has been launched. The Ministry of Transport adds accessibility requirements in the design standards of transport facilities such as passenger terminals, expressway service areas, ferry terminals, subway stations, city buses and subway trains. Various localities use more accessible passenger vehicles like low-floor buses and wheelchair accessible taxies, and require reserved seats for the elderly, infirm, sick, and disabled in public transport vehicles. Buses are equipped with telescreens and next-stop announcement systems in most cities, and blind guidance systems in some cities. All public transport facilities are accessible for persons with disabilities in many provinces. The rail administration reserves seats for them on more than 3,400 CRH trains, and permits visually impaired people to board with guide dogs. Financial institutions have upgraded wheelchair ramps and tactile paving, installed number calling and display systems, and set up accessible restrooms and disabled parking spaces. Post offices provide door-to-door services for persons with severe disabilities. Delivery companies send text messages to clients with hearing impairments, and deliver publications in Braille for free. The facilities and services for persons with disabilities to access the legal services have been improved. Accessibility has been upgraded in the reception rooms and judicial tribunals of courts to enable them to enjoy equal legal rights. The courts also promote information accessibility, and allow assistants to those with disabilities to appear in court when necessary.
輔助器具供應(yīng)和適配服務(wù)獲得政策支持。2016年，國務(wù)院制定《關(guān)于加快發(fā)展康復(fù)輔助器具產(chǎn)業(yè)的若干意見》，對(duì)推進(jìn)輔助器具產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展作出部署。財(cái)政部、稅務(wù)總局、民政部聯(lián)合發(fā)布《關(guān)于生產(chǎn)和裝配傷殘人員專門用品企業(yè)免征企業(yè)所得稅的通知》，免征上述企業(yè)的企業(yè)所得稅，降低傷殘人員專門用品的生產(chǎn)成本。各地相繼制定輔助器具補(bǔ)貼辦法，對(duì)購買輔助器具和提供適配服務(wù)給予補(bǔ)貼。2018年，有319.1萬殘疾人獲得盲杖、助視器、假肢等各類輔具適配服務(wù)。自1996年以來，各級(jí)政府組織實(shí)施“長江新里程計(jì)劃”假肢服務(wù)、彩票公益金輔助器具服務(wù)等重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目，累計(jì)為1500萬人次提供了服務(wù)。
Services for supplying and adapting assistive appliances are guaranteed by national policies. In 2016, the State Council formulated “Directives on Accelerating the Development of the Industry of Rehabilitation Assistive Appliances”, and the Ministry of Finance, State Taxation Administration and Ministry of Civil Affairs jointly issued the “Notice on the Exemption of Corporate Income Tax from the Enterprises Manufacturing and Assembling the Special Products for Persons with Disabilities” to reduce the cost of such products. Local governments have formulated subsidy measures for assistive appliances and adaption services. In 2018, 3.19 million persons with disabilities benefited from adaption services of such assistive devices as white canes, visual aids and artificial limbs. Programs organized by governments at various levels such as Cheung Kong New Milestone Plan (for artificial limbs) and lottery-subsidized assistive tools have benefited 15 million people since 1996.
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