立法禁止基于殘疾的歧視。法律法規(guī)對反歧視和合理便利作出具體規(guī)定。2007年制定的《中華人民共和國就業(yè)促進法》明確規(guī)定，用人單位招用人員，不得歧視殘疾人。2008年修訂的《中華人民共和國殘疾人保障法》明確了反歧視原則：禁止基于殘疾的歧視，禁止侮辱、侵害殘疾人，禁止通過大眾傳播媒介或者其他方式貶低損害殘疾人人格。2010年以來，制定《中華人民共和國精神衛(wèi)生法》《殘疾預(yù)防和殘疾人康復(fù)條例》《殘疾人航空運輸管理辦法》以及修訂《殘疾人教育條例》《殘疾人就業(yè)條例》等相關(guān)法律法規(guī)，增加了不歧視的內(nèi)容，并對不歧視作出具體規(guī)定。
Laws have been enacted to prohibit any forms of disability discrimination. China’s laws and regulations contain detailed provisions to combat discrimination and ensure reasonable accommodation. The Employment Promotion Law of the People’s Republic of China adopted in 2007 stipulates that an employer recruiting staff must not discriminate persons with disabilities. The Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities revised in 2008 defines the principle of anti-discrimination: “Discrimination on the basis of disability shall be prohibited. Insult of and disservice to persons with disabilities shall be prohibited. Disparagement of and infringement upon the dignity of persons with disabilities by means of mass media or any other means shall be prohibited.” Since 2010, China has enacted the Mental Health Law, Regulations on Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities, and Measures for the Administration of Air Transport for Persons with Disabilities, and revised the Regulations on the Education of Persons with Disabilities and Regulations on the Employment of Persons with Disabilities, all of which include detailed clauses to combat discrimination.
九、營造良好社會環(huán)境
中國倡導(dǎo)社會主義核心價值觀和“平等、參與、共享”的理念，弘揚中華民族傳統(tǒng)美德和人道主義精神，培育全社會扶殘助殘意識，形成關(guān)愛殘疾人、關(guān)心殘疾人事業(yè)的良好社會風(fēng)尚。
IX. Creating a Good Social Environment
China advocates core socialist values and the concepts of “equality, participation and sharing”, carries forward China’s traditional virtues and humanitarianism, and cultivates awareness of helping people with disabilities as part of the effort to create a social environment in which persons with disabilities are cared for, and the programs to help them are promoted.
殘疾人文化事業(yè)欣欣向榮?！吨腥A人民共和國公共文化服務(wù)保障法》和《“十三五”推進基本公共服務(wù)均等化規(guī)劃》均載入殘疾人文化服務(wù)項目，將殘疾人文化事業(yè)納入國家公共文化服務(wù)體系。各地采取措施確保殘疾人以無障礙方式獲得文化產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，欣賞電視、電影、戲劇等文化作品。文化和旅游部與中國殘聯(lián)連續(xù)多年在全國開展殘疾人文化周活動，2018年120余萬殘疾人參與該活動。各類殘疾人藝術(shù)團體快速發(fā)展，全國各類殘疾人藝術(shù)團體已有283個，殘疾人文化藝術(shù)從業(yè)人員近30萬名。“共享芬芳 共鑄小康”公益巡演展覽活動啟動三年以來，共有17萬余人參加。每四年舉辦一屆全國殘疾人藝術(shù)匯演，截至2017年，共舉辦9屆，每屆參與的殘疾人達10多萬人。中國殘疾人藝術(shù)團出訪100個國家和地區(qū)進行交流演出，被聯(lián)合國教科文組織指定為“聯(lián)合國教科文組織和平藝術(shù)家”，《千手觀音》節(jié)目享譽世界。2011年至2018年，中央財政投入近1200萬元，在城市社區(qū)實施“殘疾人文化進社區(qū)”項目，為社區(qū)設(shè)立“殘疾人書架”，配備文化活動用品。在“農(nóng)家書屋”工程中把為殘疾人服務(wù)的圖書列入采購書目。實施文化進殘疾人家庭“五個一項目”，支持中西部和農(nóng)村地區(qū)10萬戶貧困、重度殘疾人家庭每年讀一本書、看一次電影、游一次園、參觀一次展覽、參加一次文化活動。建成融多種功能于一體的中國盲文圖書館，組織實施盲人數(shù)字閱讀推廣工程。
The cultural activities of persons with disabilities are thriving. The Public Cultural Service Guarantee Law of the People’s Republic of China and the “Plan for Promoting Equal Access to Basic Public Services in the 13th Five-year Plan Period” have included the cultural service programs for those with disabilities into the national cultural service system.
Measures have been taken across the country to ensure accessibility to cultural products and services for persons with disabilities, enabling them to appreciate TV programs, films and dramas. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism and CDPF have held an annual cultural week for persons with disabilities for several years. In 2018, over 1.2 million people with disabilities took part in such activities.
Art troupes of persons with disabilities are growing fast; their number has increased to 283, employing about 300,000 disabled art workers. During the three years since the launch of the Charity Performance Tours and Exhibitions, a total of 170,000 persons with disabilities have taken part in the initiative. The National Disability Art Festival is held every four years. By 2017, it had been held nine times, attracting over 100,000 to participate each year. Designated as UNESCO Artist for Peace, the China Disabled People’s Performing Art Troupe has visited 100 countries and regions for performance and exchanges; the Thousand-hand Bodhisattva dance enjoys prestige throughout the world.
From 2011 to 2018, the central budget allocated about RMB12 million to launch the project of “Enriching the Community Culture for Persons with Disabilities” in cities, setting up reading sections and supplying cultural products for them. Books for people with disabilities have been added on the shopping list in the “Village Library” project. A cultural campaign has been launched for households with disabled members, particularly the 100,000 impoverished households and those with severely disabled members in the middle and western regions and rural areas. The campaign will enable each of them to read one book, watch one film, tour one park, visit one exhibition, and take part in one cultural activity every year. We have built a multifunctional Braille library and launched a digital reading project for persons with disabilities.
殘疾人體育事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展。殘疾人健身體育、康復(fù)體育和競技體育全面發(fā)展。2011年，啟動殘疾人自強健身工程，提高殘疾人體育健身指導(dǎo)服務(wù)能力和服務(wù)水平。自2011年起，體育總局支持中國殘聯(lián)開展殘疾人社會體育指導(dǎo)員培訓(xùn)，截至2017年，共培養(yǎng)10.4萬名社會體育指導(dǎo)員。各級政府和組織加大經(jīng)費投入，為各類殘疾人開辟日常體育活動場所。2017年，各地殘疾人文化體育活動場所達到9053個。成功舉辦上海特奧會、北京殘奧會和廣州亞殘運會，成功申辦2022年冬季殘奧會；共參加9屆夏季殘奧會，1337名運動員參加，獲得433塊金牌、339塊銀牌、250塊銅牌，打破261項世界紀錄，實現(xiàn)金牌榜4連冠；參加4屆冬季殘奧會，55名運動員參加，在2018年平昌冬殘奧會上實現(xiàn)冬季項目金牌零的突破。積極參加國際聽障奧運會和特奧會。
Sports for persons with disabilities are flourishing. Fitness and rehabilitation activities and competitive sports are making rapid progress. In 2011, a fitness program was launched to provide better guidance and service for persons with disabilities. Since 2011, the General Administration of Sport has supported the CDPF in training social sports instructors for people with disabilities. By 2017, a total of 104,000 instructors had been trained. Governments and organizations at all levels have increased investment in the building of sports venues for people with disabilities. In 2017 there were 9,053 cultural and sports venues for people with disabilities across the nation.
Shanghai Special Olympics, Beijing Paralympic Games, and Guangzhou Asia Para Games have been successful. China has succeeded in a bid for the 2022 Winter Paralympic Games. And it has attended nine summer Paralympics in which 1,337 athletes have participated, wining 433 gold, 339 silver and 250 bronze medals. They have broken 261 world records and ranked top in the gold medal tally for the last four Paralympics. China has competed in four Winter Paralympics with a total of 55 athletes, and won the first gold medal in the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Paralympic Games. China has actively taken part in Deaflympics and Special Olympics.
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