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現(xiàn)病史部分翻譯時(shí)的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)

發(fā)布時(shí)間： 2017-04-01 11:29:24   作者：etogether.net   來(lái)源： 網(wǎng)絡(luò)   瀏覽次數(shù)：

 

(5)以癥狀、疾病做主語(yǔ)的句型
①?gòu)摹_(kāi)始：begin (occur, start ...) + 時(shí)間，如：
The disease began three years ago, but progressed very slowly.
②可追溯到：date (go back)to +時(shí)間。如：
His symptom dates back to his early childhood.
③在/從已存在：be present十時(shí)間,如：
These symptoms have been present for about 10 years.
④在…之前已有：be preceded by ...,如：
The vomiting was preceded by pallor and profuse sweat.
⑤在…之后緊接著發(fā)生：be followed by,如:
The discomfort was followed by regurgitation of anything she attempted to eat.
⑥與…同時(shí)發(fā)生：be accompanied by …/ coincide with 如：
The pain was sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
⑦與...有（無(wú)）關(guān)：be(not)related to …/ have (no) correlation with...，
Anterior chest discomfort was not related to lying on any particular side.
⑧伴有…；be accompanicd by .../ be associated with …，如：
The pain was frequently associated with a sensation of tightness in the chest.
 
(6)表迖疾病的好轉(zhuǎn)與惡化
①持續(xù)…時(shí)間：last+ 時(shí)間(e.g. 2 days, for the whole week)，如：
Every coughing spell lasts about 3 - 5 minutes.
②惡化：take a bad turn / take a turn for the worse / be aggravated / exacerbatcd become worse，如：
The patient's condition, however, took a bad turn the next day.
③好轉(zhuǎn)：take a favorable turn / take a turn for the better / improve,如： 
The syndrome took a favorable turn after two blood transfusion.
④因…而加劇/減輕：be aggravated / abated / alleviated by,如：
The pain was aggravated by exertion and alleviated by rest.
⑤隨著…而加劇(減輕）:be aggravated / alleviated with the change of ….如：
Her breathlessness is aggravated with the change of weather.
⑥無(wú)變化：remain the same / unchanged,如：
The patient's blood pressure remained the same.
⑦經(jīng)用…治療而（無(wú)）好轉(zhuǎn)：be (not) improved after treatment with …，如：
Her heart rate improved markedly after treatment with …
 
(7)以名詞 attack，episode, onset, seizure, bout, spell 等做主語(yǔ) + occur / appear / follow,或以動(dòng)詞 decrease, come upon, 
 
last, subside, cease, clear up 等作謂語(yǔ)的句型，如：
A similar attack appeared in the following morning.
The most recent episode occurred approximately two months ago.
The entire attack lasted for less than five minutes.
The onset of the disease came abruptly.
 
(8)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型，如：
Attacks of pain were intensified by deep inspirations.
His cold was complicated by pneumonia.
The attacks can be relieved by resting and eating candies.
 
(9)There be +癥狀/疾病，如：
There is a gradual (sudden) onset of edema.
 
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