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我們在英語中經(jīng)常見到被動語態(tài),其用法要比漢語廣泛得多。漢語中也可用被動形式來表述。不過,相比較而言,在英語中使用被動語態(tài)的頻率要高些。那么,英語被動語態(tài)譯成漢語時,既可以譯成主動句,又可以譯成被動句,這要取決于具體句子所表達的涵義及漢語表達習慣而定。除此以外,還可根據(jù)漢語表達方式譯成無主句、判斷句等,如:
It was founded in 1993 …
它(指世界貿(mào)易組織)創(chuàng)建于1993年……。(譯為主動句)
They are ratified by members’parliaments.
它們(指協(xié)議)須經(jīng)成員國議會批準。(譯為主動句)
At the heart of the system——known as the multilateral trading system——are the WTO’s agreements, negotiated and signed by a large majority of the world's trading nations, and ratified in their parliaments.
世界貿(mào)易組織的核心一一多邊貿(mào)易體系——是世界上大多數(shù)貿(mào)易國經(jīng)協(xié)商談判并簽署的多個協(xié)議,這些協(xié)議同時也經(jīng)過成員國議會批準。(譯為主動句)
If the scheme is approved, work on the project will start immediately.
如果方案被批準了,這項工程將立即動工。(譯為被動句)
This reflected in the increased diversity of countries using it and in the tendency to resolve cases "out of court".
其表現(xiàn)是,越來越多的國家利用爭端協(xié)調體系來解決貿(mào)易糾紛,而且越來越傾向于用“庭外和解”的方法解決爭端。(譯為無主句及插入語)
No review of the achievements of the WTO would be completed without mentioning the Dispute Settlement System.
提到世界貿(mào)易組織(的成就)就不能不提及爭端協(xié)調體系。(譯為賓語)
Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.
給了他們兩天的時間來做必要的準備工作。(譯為無主句)
Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
印刷術是從中國傳人歐洲的(譯為判斷句)
Our price has already keen closely calculated.