英語中大量的動(dòng)作并非都用謂語動(dòng)詞來表示，許多是以非謂語的形態(tài)出現(xiàn)而不受主語的人稱及數(shù)的限制，其主要形式為:不定式、動(dòng)名詞或分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞及過去分詞，可以做多種句子成份，并可與句子中的相關(guān)成份有邏輯上的主語和賓語關(guān)系，如：

Generally speaking, in a BOT investment project, there should be a lead company in charge of negotiation with the government, concluding license contract, undertaking the preparation，financing, seeking contract company for designing and construction and finally seeking operation or management company to take up operation and management for the whole project. 此句中多次出現(xiàn)了動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)名詞形式，在句中做介詞短語in charge of的賓語，同時(shí)又是lead company的邏輯謂語；換句話說，除了 designing作 介詞for的賓語外，lead company是劃線部分動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語，這些動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作是由一個(gè)共同邏輯主語來完成的。動(dòng)詞不定式短語to take up operation and management做狀語。正確的理解有助于準(zhǔn)確的翻譯。而正確的理解又建立在準(zhǔn)確分析的基礎(chǔ)之上。

When the government decides to adopt the BOT way of investment on certain infrastructure project, the first thing to be done is legislation, to be followed by issuance of license, looking for target of cooperation, conducting negotiation and then concluding contract. 這句中出現(xiàn)了不同功能的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。不定式to adopt做decide的賓語。to be done是不定式的被動(dòng)形式，做后置定語，修飾the first thing。不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài) to be followed by 做狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語 looking for，condcuting 及 concluding在句子中做狀語。正確分析句子中各個(gè)部分之后，翻譯就有了根基，有了理論，知道該如何去把握句子，表達(dá)句意。