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- 日/韓語 |
- 德語
(3) We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.
我們知道,由于貓的眼睛比我們?nèi)说难劬δ芪崭嗟墓饩€,所以貓在黑夜也能看得很清楚。(定語分句--原因)
(4) There are many people who want to see the film.
許多人要看這部電影。(定語分句--獨(dú)立句子)
需要指出的是,英語中含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句,譯成漢語時,有些成了偏正復(fù)句,有些成了聯(lián)合復(fù)句,還有一些成了單句。此外,有些句序調(diào)整是強(qiáng)制性的
( required),有些是選擇性的( selective / optional),翻譯時必須加以注意。
(三) 長句翻譯
長句的翻譯首先要判斷出句子的結(jié)構(gòu)(如是簡單句,并列句,還是復(fù)合句),再找出句中的主要句子成分,即主語和謂語動詞,然后再分清句中的賓語、狀語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語等,最后還要弄清原文的表達(dá)模式特點(diǎn)。一般說來,英語長句的翻譯主要依原句的語義及句子各部分間的邏輯關(guān)系而定,采取的方法就是分譯,而分譯法大體又分為順譯法、逆譯法、綜合法。例如:
(1) …This is nonsense but with it organs of the popular Press played upon the emotions of their readers so successfully that many candidates for Parliament were afraid to support abolition for fear of losing votes and the result was the muddle-headed Homicide Act of 1957 which made murder with robbery a capital crime and allowed the prisoner to escape the gallows.
……這是胡說八道,但一些在大眾中頗有影響的報刊卻利用它大肆煽動讀者的情緒,許多竟選國會議員的人由于害怕失去選票而不敢支持廢除死刑,其結(jié)果就是 1957 年通過的糊里糊涂的《兇殺法案》。根據(jù)這個法案,搶劫殺人犯要判死刑,而投毒殺人犯卻可不判死刑。(順譯法)
(2) From radio-active water and soil around a nuclear-weapons plant in Colorado to man-made deserts in Soviet Central Asia, the world is peppered with examples of what poor education or unneighborly attitudes can do to the planet that must feed and clothe us all.
如果人們受教育不夠或不能善待環(huán)境,他們會對人類賴以生存的這個星球做出些什么事來呢?全世界到處都有這樣的例子:從科羅拉多州核武器工廠周圍幅射活躍的水土到原蘇聯(lián)中亞地區(qū)的人為沙漠。(逆譯法)
(3) Many man-made substances are replacing certain natural materials because either the quantity of the natural products can not meet our ever-increasing requirement, or more often, because the physical property of the synthetic substance,which is the common name for man-made materials, have been chosen, and even emphasized, so that it would be of the greatest use in the fields in which it is to be
applied.合成材料通常稱為人造材料。許多人造材料正逐步取代某些天然材料,這或許是因為天然制品的數(shù)量不能滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的需求,但更多的則是因為人們看中了合成材料的某種物理性能,并充分發(fā)揮這些性能,以便使合成材料在其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中最大限度地發(fā)揮作用。(綜合法)
長句翻譯不能一味地照顧譯入語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣而不重視原文作者句式安排的特殊目的或意圖,而要想看出原文作者的用意,就不能將目光局限在一個句子中各部分間的邏輯關(guān)系上,而應(yīng)擴(kuò)展到句群乃至語篇中。
責(zé)任編輯:admin