有關(guān)總數(shù)、數(shù)字的升降、數(shù)字的比較等表達(dá)在商務(wù)英語(yǔ)的翻譯中非常常見(jiàn),對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)卻往往是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。以下總結(jié)對(duì)這些表達(dá)方式的英譯力法:
1. 總數(shù)的英譯
漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)總數(shù)概念的動(dòng)詞比較簡(jiǎn)單。一般用“達(dá)”、“是”,而英文中的動(dòng)詞則更多,如“be, total, come to,amount to,reach, number”等等,我們可多掌握幾種表達(dá)方法,避免在譯文中重復(fù)而顯得單調(diào):
(1)2003年,中國(guó)國(guó)家財(cái)政收入總額首次突破萬(wàn)億元,達(dá)到11 377億元。
In 2003, the total national revenue of China reached 1,137,7 billion yuan, exceeding 1 trillion yuan for the first time.
(2)2002年中國(guó)的高等院??倲?shù)達(dá)1075所。
The institutions of higher learning totaled/came to/was 1,075 in 2002 in China.
(3)我校的外國(guó)留學(xué)生總計(jì)530人。
The international students in our university number 530.
2. 數(shù)字升降的英譯
表達(dá)數(shù)字上升或增加到某一具體數(shù)字時(shí),可用“grow/rise/increase/jump to...”表達(dá)增加的幅度,則在這些動(dòng)詞后接by+ 百分?jǐn)?shù)。表達(dá)數(shù)字下降或減少可用類(lèi)似的表達(dá),不過(guò)動(dòng)詞用“decrease /fall/reduce/drop ”等, 例如:
(4)去年交通事故共發(fā)生36 000起,今年增至54 000起。
Last year the total number of road accidents was 36,000, while this year the figure jumped /rose/increased to 54,000.
(5)國(guó)家信息中心預(yù)計(jì),今年全年我國(guó)的國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值將增長(zhǎng)9.3%,總計(jì) 13.4萬(wàn)億元(1.6萬(wàn)億美元)。
China's State Information Center predicts China's gross domestic product will grow /increase by 9.3 percent for all of this year, with a total of 13.4 trillion yuan or U.S.$1.6 trillion.
(6)我國(guó)的貿(mào)易順差將從去年的253億美元下降到今年的44億美元。
China's trade surplus will decrease/drop/fall from last year's 25. 4 billion U.S. dollars to this year's U.S.$4.4 billion.
3. 數(shù)字倍數(shù)的英譯
表達(dá)倍數(shù)時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)注意“...times+比較級(jí)...”表達(dá)的含義與“ ...times as +形容詞+as…”的含義是一樣的。例如,以下兩句都可以表達(dá)“它的利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)速度是一般公司的四倍/比一般公司快三倍”:
Its profits are rising four times faster than the average company.
=Its profits are rising four times as fast as the average company.
此外,還需注意翻番的譯法,如:
(7)2004年中國(guó)的人均年收入比1994年翻了兩番。
China's annual income per capita of 2004 quadrupled that of 1994.
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