為維護世界和平、應(yīng)對全球性挑戰(zhàn)發(fā)揮重要作用。中國是唯一公開承諾不首先使用核武器、不對無核武器國家和無核武器區(qū)使用或威脅使用核武器的核國家。中國累計向聯(lián)合國30項維和行動派出各類人員約2.1萬人次，是派出維和人員最多的聯(lián)合國安理會常任理事國。中國積極參與反恐、防擴散領(lǐng)域國際合作，向遭受嚴重自然災(zāi)害的國家提供人道主義援助并派出救援隊，為打擊海盜行為向亞丁灣、索馬里海域派遣海軍護航編隊。中國參加了100多個政府間國際組織，簽署300多個國際公約，成為國際體系的參與者、建設(shè)者和貢獻者。中國是最早制定并實施《應(yīng)對氣候變化國家方案》的發(fā)展中國家，也是近年節(jié)能減排力度最大、新能源和可再生能源研發(fā)速度最快的國家之一。中國為應(yīng)對國際和地區(qū)熱點問題發(fā)揮了建設(shè)性作用，在朝核問題、伊朗核問題等熱點問題上堅持勸和促談，推動形成朝核問題六方會談機制。中國同12個陸地鄰國解決了歷史遺留的邊界問題，堅持通過對話談判處理同鄰國領(lǐng)土和海洋權(quán)益爭端，以建設(shè)性姿態(tài)提出“擱置爭議、共同開發(fā)”的主張，盡最大努力維護南海、東海及周邊和平穩(wěn)定。中國通過開展雙邊合作并參與區(qū)域次區(qū)域合作，致力于促進亞太地區(qū)共同發(fā)展繁榮。
新中國成立以來特別是改革開放30多年的發(fā)展歷程表明，中國是國際社會的重要成員，是推動國際政治經(jīng)濟秩序朝著更加公正合理方向發(fā)展并努力作出貢獻的國家。
二、中國和平發(fā)展的總體目標
China plays an important role in safeguarding world peace and meeting global challenges. China is the only nuclear-weapon country that has publicly stated that it will not be the first to use nuclear weapons, or use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. China has dispatched about 21,000 personnel on 30 UN peacekeeping missions, which is the highest number among the permanent members of the UN Security Council. China takes an active part in international cooperation in anti-terrorism and nonproliferation. It provides humanitarian aid and dispatches rescue teams to countries hit by severe natural disasters and deploys naval escort fleets to combat piracy in the Gulf of Aden and off the coast of Somalia. China is a member of over 100 intergovernmental international organizations, a party to over 300 international conventions, and an active participant in building the international system. China is the first developing country to formulate and implement the National Climate Change Program. It is also one of the countries which have made the greatest efforts in energy saving and emission reduction and which have made the fastest progress in developing new and renewable energy sources in recent years. China has played a constructive role in addressing international and regional hotspot problems. For instance, it calls for resolving the Korean nuclear issue, the Iranian nuclear issue and other hotspot issues through peaceful talks, and has helped to establish the Six-Party Talks mechanism on the Korean nuclear issue. China has settled historical boundary issues with 12 land neighbors. It calls for settling disputes over territory and maritime rights and interests with neighboring countries through dialogue and negotiation. For instance, China has made a constructive proposal to “shelve disputes and seek joint development” and done its utmost to uphold peace and stability in the South China Sea, East China Sea and the surrounding areas. China seeks to promote common development and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region by pursuing bilateral cooperation and participating in regional and sub-regional cooperation.
China’s development since New China was founded in 1949 and particularly since the reform and opening-up policies were introduced in 1978 shows that China is an important member of the international community which has contributed its due share to bringing about a more just and equitable international political and economic order.
II. What China Aims to Achieve by Pur-suing Peaceful Development
中國和平發(fā)展的不懈追求是，對內(nèi)求發(fā)展、求和諧，對外求合作、求和平。具體而言，就是通過中國人民的艱苦奮斗和改革創(chuàng)新，通過同世界各國長期友好相處、平等互利合作，讓中國人民過上更好的日子，并為全人類發(fā)展進步作出應(yīng)有貢獻。這已經(jīng)上升為中國的國家意志，轉(zhuǎn)化為國家發(fā)展規(guī)劃和大政方針，落實在中國發(fā)展進程的廣泛實踐中。
實現(xiàn)國家現(xiàn)代化和人民共同富裕是中國和平發(fā)展的總體目標。20世紀70年代末實行改革開放后，中國制定并實施了“三步走”的現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。第一步，實現(xiàn)國民生產(chǎn)總值比1980年翻一番，解決人民溫飽問題。第二步，到20世紀末實現(xiàn)國民生產(chǎn)總值再翻一番，人民生活達到小康水平。這兩步目標已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)。第三步，到本世紀中葉中華人民共和國成立100年時，人均國民生產(chǎn)總值達到中等發(fā)達國家水平，人民生活比較富裕，基本實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，建成富強民主文明和諧的社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家?！叭阶摺蹦繕说暮诵娜蝿?wù)是，提高人民物質(zhì)文化生活水平，實現(xiàn)富民與強國的統(tǒng)一。同時，要隨著綜合國力的不斷增強，履行相應(yīng)的國際責(zé)任和義務(wù)。
China’s overall goal of pursuing peaceful development is to pro-mote development and harmony domestically and pursue cooperation and peace internationally. Specifically, this means that China will endeavor to make life better for its people and contribute to human progress through hard work, innovation and reform carried out by the Chinese people and growing long-term friendly relations and promoting equality and mutually-beneficial cooperation with other countries. This has become a national commitment which is manifest in strategies for national development, and progress made in the course of China’s development.
To achieve modernization and common prosperity for the people is the overall goal of China’s pursuit of peaceful develop-ment. Following the introduction of the policies of reform and opening-up to the outside world in the late 1970s, China adopted and implemented a three-step strategy for achieving modernization. The first step was to double the GNP of 1980 and ensure people’s basic living needs. The second step was to redouble the output of 1980 and achieve initial prosperity by the end of the 20th century. The goals of these two steps have been met. The third step aims to make the per capita GNP reach the level of that of the medium-developed countries, bring about general prosperity, basically realize modernization and build China into a rich, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and modern socialist country by the 100th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China in the mid-21st century. The central goal of this three-step development strategy is to improve people’s material and cultural lives, and make the people rich and the country strong. Meanwhile, as its comprehensive strength increases, China will shoulder corresponding international responsibilities and obligations.
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