人民日報社記者：我們觀察到總理您在政府工作報告中指出，要讓更加公平、充分的就業(yè)始終成為高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的亮點，但是在現(xiàn)實生活中，比如大學(xué)生就業(yè)還有轉(zhuǎn)崗職工再就業(yè)、復(fù)轉(zhuǎn)軍人再就業(yè)等仍然困難不少，這也意味著未來5年中國的就業(yè)市場將面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn)。請問您準(zhǔn)備如何解決這些困難？
李克強(qiáng)：就業(yè)成效是要由人民群眾來評判的，如果有失業(yè)也是掩蓋不住的，所以我先回答你今年的問題，未來5年會怎么樣，要看今年做得怎么樣。
People's Daily: Mr. Premier, in your government work report you said that fairer and fuller employment should always be a highlight of high quality development in China. At the same time, however, college graduates, laid-off workers from cutting overcapacity and demobilized military personnel continue to face difficulty in getting jobs, which means daunting challenges in ensuring employment in the next five years. What do you plan to do to tackle this problem?
Premier Li: Whether the government is doing a good job in employment is best judged by our people. I don't think anyone would be able to cover it up if we fall short on job creation. Let me first address what we plan to do on the employment front this year, as this year's performance will be a good indicator of what is to come in the next five years.
過去5年，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行保持在合理區(qū)間，其中一個很大的亮點就是實現(xiàn)了6600多萬城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)，保持了比較充分的就業(yè)。就業(yè)對于一個家庭來說是天大的事。沒有一個人就業(yè)，一個家庭就毫無生氣。如果大學(xué)生畢業(yè)就失業(yè)，就沒有希望。所以我們要將心比心，各級政府及其工作人員，都要把就業(yè)放在心上，扛在肩上。今年政府工作報告首次把城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率列入預(yù)期目標(biāo)，就是為了更加充分地反映城鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)狀況，也可以說這是自加壓力。
這里我想報個大賬，我們今年城鎮(zhèn)實際新成長勞動力有1500萬到1600萬，我們定的目標(biāo)是至少要保證新增1100萬人就業(yè)，但方向是1300萬人以上，前幾年我們都做到了，今年也沒有理由不做到。與此同時，我們還有2.8億農(nóng)民工，他們在城市化進(jìn)程中蓋起大樓、鋪通大道，為中國發(fā)展立下了汗馬功勞。促進(jìn)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)也是新型城鎮(zhèn)化的重要內(nèi)容，進(jìn)城務(wù)工農(nóng)民都是通過打工來增加他們的收入，今年至少還要新增三、四百萬農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力，對此，我們要責(zé)無旁貸地為農(nóng)民工創(chuàng)造穩(wěn)定的就業(yè)機(jī)會。
In recent years, with the Chinese economy operating within a proper range, some 60 million new urban jobs have been generated, ensuring relatively full employment in China. This has been a big achievement. Employment is of paramount importance for each and every family, and nothing is more depressing for it than zero employment of its members. A college graduate would not have a future if graduation means joblessness. We must put ourselves in their shoes. Governments at all levels must always put job creation high on their priority list. In this year's government work report, for the first time, we incorporated surveyed urban unemployment as a projected target, to better reflect the employment situation in both urban and rural areas. This is the government putting pressure on itself.
In urban areas, we expect to see some 15 to 16 million new entrants to the job market this year. Our minimum target is to generate another 11 million new jobs and we will work towards the goal of 13 million in actual practice. We have been able to do that in the past several years and there's no reason for us not to hit that mark this year. Moreover, we have some 280 million rural migrant workers. They have worked hard to pave roads and build skyscrapers in the cities, making great contribution to China's development. Getting migrant workers employed is an important part of China's urbanization process and a big source of their income. This year, we expect to see some three to four million rural migrant workers coming to the cities, the government must endeavor to fulfill its responsibility in providing job opportunities for these people.
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