李克強(qiáng)總理會(huì)見采訪兩會(huì)的中外記者并回答提問
2018年3月20日上午，十三屆全國(guó)人大一次會(huì)議在人民大會(huì)堂舉行記者會(huì)，國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)應(yīng)大會(huì)發(fā)言人張業(yè)遂的邀請(qǐng)會(huì)見中外記者，并回答記者提問。國(guó)務(wù)院副總理韓正、孫春蘭、胡春華、劉鶴參加。
李克強(qiáng)總理向中外記者介紹了各位副總理，并對(duì)大家表示感謝，歡迎大家提問。
彭博社記者：今年是中國(guó)改革開放40周年。在過(guò)去的40年中，中國(guó)取得了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成就，成功使數(shù)億人脫貧。在中國(guó)進(jìn)入新時(shí)代以后，面臨的問題將更加復(fù)雜，我們認(rèn)為中國(guó)改革開放的模式也會(huì)經(jīng)歷一些變化，這集中體現(xiàn)在這次兩會(huì)期間通過(guò)了政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革方案以及進(jìn)行修憲等。請(qǐng)問中國(guó)特別是在吸引外資和促進(jìn)外貿(mào)方面，奉行的改革開放模式會(huì)跟過(guò)去40年有什么不同？
Premier Li Keqiang Meets the Press
The First Session of the 13th National People's Congress held a press conference on 20 March 2018. Premier Li Keqiang met with Chinese and foreign reporters and answered their questions at the invitation of Mr. Zhang Yesui, Spokesperson for the NPC session. The press conference was also attended by Vice Premiers Han Zheng, Sun Chunlan, Hu Chunhua and Liu He.
Premier Li Keqiang presented the newly-appointed vice premiers and thanked members of the media. He then opened the floor to questions.
Bloomberg: This year is the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening. Over those 40 years, China has enjoyed unprecedented economic growth and hundreds of millions of people have been pulled out of poverty. But it's becoming increasingly clear that China is entering a new era, where problems are going to become more complicated and the model of reform and opening is also changing, highlighted by the restructuring of the government departments and the revisions of the Constitution that were passed by the National People's Congress this year. I wanted to ask you what will the biggest difference be between reform and opening in this new era versus the past, especially when it comes to foreign investment and trade?
李克強(qiáng)：中國(guó)40年來(lái)有目共睹的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展成就和開放是密不可分的。開放推動(dòng)了改革，促進(jìn)了發(fā)展。可以說(shuō)中國(guó)人民從開放中嘗到了甜頭。去年年初，習(xí)近平主席在達(dá)沃斯世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇發(fā)表演講時(shí)明確表示，中國(guó)將繼續(xù)維護(hù)自由貿(mào)易，開放是中國(guó)的基本國(guó)策。如果說(shuō)中國(guó)的開放有新變化的話，那就是門會(huì)越開越大。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)深度融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，關(guān)上門等于擋住了我們自己的路。
新的變化意味著進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大開放，我們?cè)陂_放方面還有較大的空間和潛力。比如貨物貿(mào)易，我們商品進(jìn)口稅率水平在世界上處于中等水平，我們?cè)敢庖愿_放的姿態(tài)進(jìn)一步降低商品進(jìn)口的總體稅率水平。一些市場(chǎng)熱銷的消費(fèi)品，包括藥品，特別是群眾、患者急需的抗癌藥品，我們要較大幅度地降低進(jìn)口稅率，對(duì)抗癌藥品力爭(zhēng)降到零稅率。對(duì)于服務(wù)貿(mào)易，我們現(xiàn)在是逆差，進(jìn)一步開放服務(wù)業(yè)會(huì)付出一些代價(jià)，但可以促進(jìn)提高我們產(chǎn)業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。下一步重點(diǎn)要放寬服務(wù)業(yè)的準(zhǔn)入，比如在養(yǎng)老、醫(yī)療、教育、金融等領(lǐng)域，我們會(huì)加大放寬準(zhǔn)入力度，在一些領(lǐng)域逐步放寬甚至取消股比限制。我們還會(huì)全面放開制造業(yè)，在這方面不允許強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)讓技術(shù)，我們將保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)。
Premier Li: Opening-up has been instrumental to China's economic and social transformation in the past 40 years. It has driven China's reform agenda, promoted its development and delivered real benefits to the Chinese people. In his speech at the World Economic Forum annual meeting in Davos last year, President Xi Jinping reaffirmed China's commitment to uphold free trade and pursue opening-up as a fundamental policy. If there's anything that's going to be different from the past, it will be that China will open even wider to the world. With the Chinese economy so integrated into the global economy, closing China's door will only hinder our own progress.
China will continue to open up; indeed, there is still broad space to do so. China's import tariffs are at the medium level internationally. We are committed to bringing them down still further, particularly for high-demand consumer goods. For instance, we aim to adopt zero tariff for the much needed anti-cancer drugs.
On the other hand, China runs a deficit in trade in services. Further opening of the services sector will entail a cost, but it will make the sector more competitive. We plan to widen access to elderly care, health care, education and financial services. We will ease or lift the cap on foreign ownership in some sectors. We will also make the manufacturing sector fully open. There will be no mandatory requirement for technology transfer, and intellectual property rights will be protected.
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