二是始終以問題導向深化改革。40年來，中國改革開放從經(jīng)濟領域起步，逐步擴大至政治、文化、社會、生態(tài)領域的五位一體格局，始終堅持以問題為導向，先易后難、逐步深化，走出了一條符合中國國情的改革開放之路。尤其是過去5年，中國推出1500多項改革措施，以壯士斷腕的決心和勇氣攻艱克難，一些重要領域和關鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革取得突破性進展。目前，中國主要領域改革主體框架基本確立，改革呈現(xiàn)出全面發(fā)力、多點突破、縱深推進的良好態(tài)勢。
Second, to deepen reform, one must find out what has gone wrong and adopt a problem-led approach.
In the past 40 years, China started with economic restructuring and gradually moved on to the political, cultural, social and ecological areas. In this "five-pronged" reform, China has never sidestepped a problem. Our approach is to start in easier fields and gradually tackle more difficult areas. This approach to reform and opening up is in line with China's national conditions.
In the recent five years, in particular, China adopted over 1,500 reform measures and displayed great determination and courage in tackling the difficult issues. This has led to breakthroughs in major areas and key links.
The result is encouraging. The main framework for reform in major areas has been set up. Reform is in full swing, deepening on all fronts and achieving many breakthroughs.
三是始終以人民利益衡量改革。無論是改革開放之初的家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責任制，還是今天的全面深化改革，都堅持“以人民為中心”的工作導向，以增強人民群眾幸福感、安全感和獲得感為出發(fā)點和歸宿點。當前針對精準扶貧、人口城鎮(zhèn)化、環(huán)境治理、簡政放權、產(chǎn)權保護等相關改革，都反映了廣大人民最直接的利益訴求。在精準扶貧方面，過去五年，我們成功使6000多萬貧困人口穩(wěn)定脫貧，貧困發(fā)生率從10.2%下降到4%以下。中國不僅明確提出了改革目標，而且建立了自上而下的一整套精準扶貧體系，體現(xiàn)了以人民利益為重的改革思維。
Third, to gauge the success of reform, one must take the people's interests as the criterion.
The people have always been at the centre of all reforms in China. This was true with the household contract system at the beginning of China's reform and opening up. This remains true as China deepens reform across the board today. The intension and the goal of China's reform have always been to ensure that the people live happier, safer and have a stronger sense of achievements.
Recent reform measures all answer to the aspiration of the people that involves their interests directly. To name a few, these include targeted poverty alleviation, urbanisation of the population, environmental improvements, streamlining of administration, delegation of powers, and property rights protection.
Take targeted poverty reduction for example. In the past five years, more than 60 million people have been lifted out of poverty, and the poverty headcount ratio has dropped from 10.2% to less than 4%. China has not only set clear goals for poverty reduction but also established a complete system of contribution from both the central and local government departments. This fully reflects that China puts the people's interests first in its reform.
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