(一)中國參與氣候變化國際談判的原則立場

    為促進聯(lián)合國氣候變化德班會議按巴厘路線圖的要求取得積極進展，中國政府堅持以下原則立場：

    一是堅持《公約》和《議定書》基本框架，嚴(yán)格遵循巴厘路線圖授權(quán)?！豆s》和《議定書》是國際合作應(yīng)對氣候變化的基本框架和法律基礎(chǔ)，凝聚了國際社會的共識，是落實巴厘路線圖的依據(jù)和行動指南。巴厘路線圖要求為加強《公約》和《議定書》全面、有效和持續(xù)實施，應(yīng)確定發(fā)達國家在《議定書》第二承諾期的進一步量化減排指標(biāo)，并就減緩、適應(yīng)、技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓、資金支持等作出相應(yīng)安排。

1. China's Principled Stand in International Climate Change Negotiations

China adheres to the following principled stand in its efforts to promote progress at the Durban climate change conference in accordance with the Bali Road Map:

First, China upholds the basic framework of the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol, and strictly follows the Bali Road Map. The UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol are the basic framework and legal foundation of international cooperation for addressing climate change. They represent the international consensus reached as well as the basis and guide to action in implementing the Bali Road Map. The Bali Road Map requires that the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol are comprehensively, effectively and continuously implemented, and the developed countries should undertake to achieve substantial emission reduction targets for the second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol, and corresponding arrangements are made regarding mitigation of and adaption to climate change, as well as technology transfer and funding in this regard.

    二是堅持“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則。發(fā)達國家200多年的工業(yè)化過程中排放了大量溫室氣體，是造成當(dāng)前全球氣候變化的主要原因，理應(yīng)承擔(dān)率先大幅減排的歷史責(zé)任。從現(xiàn)實能力看，發(fā)達國家擁有雄厚的經(jīng)濟實力，掌握著先進的低碳技術(shù)，而發(fā)展中國家缺乏應(yīng)對氣候變化的財力和技術(shù)手段，還面臨著發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、消除貧困、應(yīng)對氣候變化等多重艱巨任務(wù)。因此，發(fā)達國家應(yīng)率先大幅度減排，同時要向發(fā)展中國家提供資金、轉(zhuǎn)讓技術(shù)。發(fā)展中國家在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、消除貧困的過程中，在發(fā)達國家的支持下根據(jù)各國國情采取積極的適應(yīng)和減緩氣候變化的措施。

    三是堅持可持續(xù)發(fā)展原則。當(dāng)代的發(fā)展不應(yīng)損害后代的發(fā)展能力。應(yīng)當(dāng)在可持續(xù)發(fā)展的框架下，統(tǒng)籌考慮經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、消除貧困、保護氣候，積極推動綠色、低碳發(fā)展，實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展和應(yīng)對氣候變化的雙贏。

Second, China sticks to the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities." Developed countries should be responsible for their accumulative emissions during their 200-odd years of industrialization, which is the main reason for the current global warming, and they should naturally take the lead in shouldering the historical responsibilities to substantially reduce emissions. With regard to capabilities, developed countries have substantial economic strength and advanced low-carbon technologies, while developing countries lack the financial strength and technologies to address climate change, and face multiple arduous tasks of developing their economies, fighting poverty and addressing climate change. Therefore, developed countries should, on the one hand, take the lead in reducing emissions substantially, and, on the other, provide financial support and transfer technologies to developing countries. The developing countries, while developing their economies and fighting poverty, should actively adopt measures to adapt to and mitigate climate change in accordance with their actual situations.

Third, China holds fast to the principle of sustainable development. The present development should not compromise the development capacity of future generations. Instead, it is necessary to take into overall consideration economic development, poverty alleviation and climate protection within the framework of sustainable development, actively promote green and low-carbon development, and strive for a win-win situation in both socio-economic development and response to climate change.