與南非、印度、巴西、韓國(guó)等國(guó)家簽署相關(guān)的聯(lián)合聲明、諒解備忘錄和合作協(xié)議等，建立氣候變化合作機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)在氣象衛(wèi)星監(jiān)測(cè)、新能源開發(fā)利用等領(lǐng)域的合作，為發(fā)展中國(guó)家援建200個(gè)清潔能源和環(huán)保項(xiàng)目。加強(qiáng)科技合作，實(shí)施了100個(gè)中非聯(lián)合科技研究示范項(xiàng)目。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)合作，援建農(nóng)業(yè)示范中心，派遣農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)專家，培訓(xùn)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)人員，提高非洲實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食安全能力。注重在人力資源開發(fā)上的合作，實(shí)施援外培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目85個(gè)。2008年12月，中國(guó)在吉布提舉辦了清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制與可再生能源培訓(xùn)班。2009年6月，在北京舉辦了發(fā)展中國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化官員研修班。同年7月，在北京為來自非洲國(guó)家的官員和學(xué)者舉辦發(fā)展中國(guó)家氣候及氣候變化國(guó)際高級(jí)研修班。2010年，共安排19期應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和清潔能源國(guó)際研修班，為受援國(guó)培訓(xùn)548名官員和專業(yè)人員。中國(guó)還向南太平洋、加勒比等地區(qū)小島嶼國(guó)家提供支持與幫助，先后為太平洋島嶼國(guó)家援建130多個(gè)項(xiàng)目，為發(fā)展中國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化提供力所能及的援助，提高其減緩和適應(yīng)氣候變化的能力。

    (四)積極開展清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目合作

China has signed relevant joint communiques, memorandums of understanding and cooperation agreements with South Africa, India, Brazil, Republic of Korea and other countries, established a cooperation mechanism on climate change, strengthened cooperation on meteorological satellite monitoring, new energy development and utilization and other areas, and aided the construction of 200 clean energy and environmental protection projects in developing countries. China is strengthening its cooperation on science and technology, and has implemented 100 China-Africa joint scientific and technical research demonstration projects. It also bolsters agricultural cooperation and aids the construction of agricultural demonstration centers. It has dispatched agricultural technical experts, trained agricultural technical personnel and improved Africa's ability to realize food security. It attaches importance to cooperation in human resource development, and has carried out 85 foreign aid training programs. China held a training session on clean development mechanism and renewable energy resources in Djibouti in December 2008; held a seminar on addressing climate change for officials of developing countries in Beijing in June 2009; opened an advanced seminar on climate and climate change in developing countries for officials and scholars from African nations in Beijing in July the same year; and arranged a total of 19 international seminars addressing climate change and clean energy in 2010, which offered training to 548 officials and professionals of the recipient countries. China has also offered support and assistance to small island states in the South Pacific, the Caribbean and other regions, and aided the construction of over 130 projects in the island countries of the Pacific, providing assistance within its ability to developing countries to improve their capability to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

4. Proactively carrying out cooperation on clean development mechanism projects

    為促進(jìn)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目在中國(guó)的有序開展，2005年中國(guó)制定和頒布實(shí)施了《清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目運(yùn)行管理辦法》。2010年，為提高清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目開發(fā)和審定核查效率，又對(duì)該管理辦法進(jìn)行了修訂。大力開展相關(guān)能力建設(shè)，提高推動(dòng)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目開發(fā)的能力。每年組織專家計(jì)算電網(wǎng)基準(zhǔn)線排放因子，及時(shí)公布和共享信息。截至2011年7月，中國(guó)已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)了3154個(gè)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制項(xiàng)目，主要集中在新能源和可再生能源、節(jié)能和提高能效、甲烷回收利用等方面。其中，已有1560個(gè)項(xiàng)目在聯(lián)合國(guó)清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制執(zhí)行理事會(huì)成功注冊(cè)，占全世界注冊(cè)項(xiàng)目總數(shù)的45.67％，已注冊(cè)項(xiàng)目預(yù)計(jì)經(jīng)核證的減排量(CER)年簽發(fā)量約3.28億噸二氧化碳當(dāng)量，占全世界總量的63.84％，為《京都議定書》的實(shí)施提供了支持。

七、“十二五”時(shí)期的目標(biāo)任務(wù)和政策行動(dòng)

    “十二五”期間，中國(guó)將把積極應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的一項(xiàng)重要任務(wù)，堅(jiān)持以科學(xué)發(fā)展為主題，以加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式為主線，牢固樹立綠色、低碳發(fā)展理念，把積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重大戰(zhàn)略、作為調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的重大機(jī)遇，堅(jiān)持走新型工業(yè)化道路，合理控制能源消費(fèi)總量，綜合運(yùn)用優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和能源結(jié)構(gòu)、節(jié)約能源和提高能效、增加碳匯等多種手段，有效控制溫室氣體排放，提高應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化能力，廣泛開展氣候變化領(lǐng)域國(guó)際合作，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

In order to promote the orderly implementation of clean development mechanism (CDM) projects, China formulated and promulgated the Measures on the Operation and Management of Clean Development Mechanism Projects in 2005, which was amended in 2010 to increase the efficiency of CDM program development and validation and verification. China vigorously carries out relevant capacity building to improve its capacity to promote CDM project development, and organizes experts to calculate baseline emission factors for power grids each year which are timely published and shared by others. By July 2011, China had approved 3,154 CDM projects, mainly focusing on new energy and renewable energy, energy conservation and the enhancement of energy efficiency, methane recycling and reutilization and other areas. A total of 1,560 Chinese projects have been successfully registered with the United Nations Clean Development Mechanism Executive Board, accounting for 45.67 percent of the world's total registered programs, and their estimated certified emission reduction (CER) has reached an annual issuance volume of 328 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, accounting for 63.84 percent of the world's total, providing valuable support for the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. 

VII. Objectives, Policies and Actions during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period

During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, China will take addressing global climate change as an important task in its economic and social development. With scientific development as the theme and accelerating the transformation of the country' s economic development pattern as the main focus, China will foster the concept of green and low-carbon development, and take addressing climate change as an important strategy for its economic and social development as well as an important opportunity for economic restructuring and the transformation of its economic development pattern. It will adhere to the new road of industrialization, rationally control total energy consumption, take various measures such as comprehensively optimizing the industrial structure and energy mix, practicing energy conservation and raising energy efficiency, and increasing the capacity of carbon sinks to , effectively control greenhouse gas emissions, improve the capacity to cope with climate change, conduct extensive international cooperation on climate change, and promote sustainable economic and social development.