【說明】此句的表語較長，列舉了各種因素。可在其前加譯“共計(jì)5個(gè)”。

【譯文】他們提出的預(yù)測心臟病發(fā)作的因素共計(jì)5個(gè)：患者心電圖波明顯改變;高血脂與髙膽固醇;無高血壓;過去無心臟病發(fā)作史;人院后有典型的心絞痛。

例四：The intensity of reactive changes varied not only from case to case but also between different regions of total cortical necrosis in any one case. Furthermore, it was rarely possible to relate the intensity of reactive changes to the duration of the illness. At one extreme the cortex was completely replaced by dense sheets of lipid phagocytes and there was intense vascular proliferation and a diffuse infiltration by plasma cells. At the other extreme the cortex was extremely pale in cresyl violet preparations. At a more intermediate stage, one that was commonly seen, the deeper layers of the cortex were pale while there was a dense sheet of lipid phagocytes in the outer layers.

【譯文】反應(yīng)性病變的強(qiáng)度不僅在各個(gè)病例之間互不相同，且在任何同一病例，在全皮質(zhì)壞死的不同部位之間也不—樣；此外，還不大容易找到反應(yīng)性病變的強(qiáng)度與病程之間的聯(lián)系。這種病變程度可分為3種：一種極端是皮質(zhì)完全被脂類吞噬細(xì)胞的致密層所替代，并有明顯的血管增生和漿細(xì)胞彌漫性浸潤。另一個(gè)極端是皮質(zhì)在甲酚藍(lán)染色標(biāo)本中顯得異常蒼白。常見的居于中間期的是皮質(zhì)的較深層呈蒼白色，而外層有一層致密的脂類吞噬細(xì)胞。

2. 逆譯法

若英語長句的表達(dá)順序與漢語習(xí)慣不盡相同，甚至相反，例如在主句后面帶有很長的狀語(特別是方式狀語或原因狀語)或狀語從句(特別是原因狀語從句、條件狀語從句或讓步狀語從句），或主句后有很長的定語或定語從句，就要采用顛倒或轉(zhuǎn)換等翻譯方法，部分或完全改變詞序。

例五：Drug treatment of hypertension is a well controlled clinical trial has reduced both morbidity and mortality although the extent of its effect on myocardial infarction is not established.