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The dependence of y upon x is expressed by y= f(x)
(y對于x的依從關(guān)系用 y= f(x)來表示?!獎釉~時為depend upon [on])
We have discussed the passage of an electric current through liquid solutions of acids, bases , and salts.
(我們討論了電流通過酸、堿、鹽溶液的情況,——動詞時為pass through)
The response of a body to a net force F is an acceleration a proportional to F.
(物體對凈カF的響應(yīng)就是正比于F的加速度a ——動詞時為 respond to)
注意:在由表示變化的不及物動詞變來的名詞(如:increase, decrease, rise fall, change,reduction 等)的情況下,有時其與介詞搭配中的格式中的of可由in替代,如:
In the troposphere there is a steady fall in temperature with increasing altitude.
(在對流層,溫度隨著高度的增加而不斷地下降。)
1.3 這個“名詞”由及物動詞變來,與其搭配的介詞一般與動詞時要求的介詞相同,這時A就是該名詞所表達的動作概念的邏輯賓語(通常把該名詞譯成動詞,of就不譯出來了。)
A comparison of Eq. (4) with Eq. (6) leads to the following relations.
(把式(4)與式(6) 相比較,就得到以下幾個關(guān)系式?!獎釉~時為 compare A with B)
Exposure of the body to potentially toxic substances should be avoided.
(應(yīng)避免使人體接觸有潛在毒性的物質(zhì)?!獎釉~時為expose A to B)
These special problems arise from the use of atomic energy as a source of power.
(這些特殊問題是由把原子能用作能源而引起的。——動詞時為 use A as B)
注意:如果格式中的該名詞帶有邏輯主語的話,則格式中的“介詞”就使用by,如:
The discovery of the Periodic Table by Mendeleev in 1869 suggested another way of estimating atomic masses.
(門捷列夫于1869年發(fā)現(xiàn)了周期表,使人們有了計算原子質(zhì)量的另ー種方法。)