中國面臨的安全挑戰(zhàn)更加多元和復(fù)雜。中國有遼闊的國土和海域，正處在全面建設(shè)小康社會的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，維護(hù)國家安全任務(wù)繁重?！芭_獨(dú)”分裂勢力及其分裂活動仍是兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的最大障礙和威脅。兩岸關(guān)系發(fā)展還面臨不少復(fù)雜因素的制約。“東突”、“藏獨(dú)”分裂勢力對國家安全和社會穩(wěn)定造成嚴(yán)重危害。維護(hù)國家領(lǐng)土主權(quán)、海洋權(quán)益壓力增大，恐怖主義的現(xiàn)實(shí)威脅存在，能源資源、金融、信息、自然災(zāi)害等非傳統(tǒng)安全問題上升。來自外部的疑慮、干擾和牽制增加。美國違反中美三個(gè)聯(lián)合公報(bào)原則，繼續(xù)向臺灣出售武器，嚴(yán)重?fù)p害中美關(guān)系和兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展。
面對紛繁復(fù)雜的安全形勢，中國高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟，堅(jiān)持綜合安全、合作安全、共同安全的理念，奉行互信、互利、平等、協(xié)作的新安全觀，全面維護(hù)國家政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、社會、信息等各領(lǐng)域安全，與世界各國一道共同營造和平穩(wěn)定、平等互信、合作共贏的國際安全環(huán)境。
China is meanwhile confronted by more diverse and complex security challenges. China has vast territories and territorial seas. It is in a critical phase of the building of a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. Therefore, it faces heavy demands in safeguarding national security. The "Taiwan independence" separatist force and its activities are still the biggest obstacle and threat to the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations. Further progress in cross-Strait relations is still confronted by some complicating factors. Separatist forces working for "East Turkistan independence" and "Tibet independence" have inflicted serious damage on national security and social stability. Pressure builds up in preserving China's territorial integrity and maritime rights and interests. Non-traditional security concerns, such as existing terrorism threats, energy, resources, finance, information and natural disasters, are on the rise. Suspicion about China, interference and countering moves against China from the outside are on the increase. The United States, in the defiance of the three Sino-US joint communiques, continues to sell weapons to Taiwan, severely impeding Sino-US relations and impairing the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations.
In the face of the complex security environment, China will hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation, adhere to the concepts of overall security, cooperative security and common security, advocate its new security concept based on mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and cooperation, safeguard political, economic, military, social and information security in an all-round way, and endeavor to foster, together with other countries, an international security environment of peace, stability, equality, mutual trust, cooperation and win-win.
二、國防政策
中國奉行防御性的國防政策。依照憲法和法律，中國武裝力量肩負(fù)對外抵抗侵略、保衛(wèi)祖國，對內(nèi)維護(hù)社會大局穩(wěn)定、保衛(wèi)人民和平勞動的神圣職責(zé)。建設(shè)與國家安全和發(fā)展利益相適應(yīng)的鞏固國防和強(qiáng)大軍隊(duì)，是中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)，是中國各族人民的共同事業(yè)。
中國的發(fā)展道路、根本任務(wù)、對外政策和歷史文化傳統(tǒng)，決定中國必然實(shí)行防御性的國防政策。中國堅(jiān)定不移地走和平發(fā)展道路，對內(nèi)努力構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會，對外推動建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。中國堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)改革開放和社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，既利用和平的國際環(huán)境發(fā)展自己，又通過自己的發(fā)展維護(hù)世界和平。中國堅(jiān)定不移地奉行獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，在堅(jiān)持和平共處五項(xiàng)原則的基礎(chǔ)上同所有國家發(fā)展友好合作。中國堅(jiān)定不移地秉承中華民族優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng)和以和為貴的和平理念，主張用非軍事手段解決爭端、慎重對待戰(zhàn)爭和戰(zhàn)略上后發(fā)制人。不論現(xiàn)在還是將來，不論發(fā)展到什么程度，中國都永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸，永遠(yuǎn)不搞軍事擴(kuò)張。
II. National Defense Policy
China pursues a national defense policy which is defensive in nature. In accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and other relevant laws, the armed forces of China undertake the sacred duty of resisting foreign aggression, defending the motherland, and safeguarding overall social stability and the peaceful labor of its people. To build a fortified national defense and strong armed forces compatible with national security and development interests is a strategic task of China's modernization, and a common cause of the people of all ethnic groups.
The pursuit of a national defense policy which is defensive in nature is determined by China's development path, its fundamental aims, its foreign policy, and its historical and cultural traditions. China unswervingly takes the road of peaceful development, strives to build a harmonious socialist society internally, and promotes the building of a harmonious world enjoying lasting peace and common prosperity externally. China unswervingly advances its reform and opening up as well as socialist modernization, making use of the peaceful international environment for its own development which in return will contribute to world peace. China unswervingly pursues an independent foreign policy of peace and promotes friendly cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. China unswervingly maintains its fine cultural traditions and its belief in valuing peace above all else, advocating the settlement of disputes through peaceful means, prudence on the issue of war, and the strategy of "attacking only after being attacked." China will never seek hegemony, nor will it adopt the approach of military expansion now or in the future, no matter how its economy develops.
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