中國邊海防實行軍地分工負責的防衛(wèi)管理體制。軍隊主要負責邊境、沿海和海上防衛(wèi)警戒，防范、制止和打擊外來入侵、蠶食、挑釁以及越界破壞等活動；公安邊防部隊主要負責邊境沿海地區(qū)和海上治安管理及口岸出入境邊防檢查，防范、打擊邊境沿海地區(qū)偷渡、販毒、走私等違法犯罪，組織參與邊境沿海地區(qū)的反恐怖和處置突發(fā)事件工作；海監(jiān)、漁政、海事、檢驗檢疫、海關等部門負責相應的維權執(zhí)法和管理任務。國家設立邊海防委員會，在國務院、中央軍委領導下，負責協調全國邊海防工作。各軍區(qū)和沿邊沿海省、市、縣三級均設立邊海防委員會，統(tǒng)一協調本轄區(qū)的邊海防工作。
近年來，人民解放軍邊海防部隊按照強邊固防、睦鄰友好、維護穩(wěn)定、促進發(fā)展的要求，執(zhí)行國家有關法律規(guī)定和與鄰國簽訂的協定協議，堅持搞好戰(zhàn)備執(zhí)勤，嚴密防范各類入侵、蠶食和越境滲透破壞活動，及時制止違反邊海防政策法規(guī)和改變國界線現狀的行為，有效維護邊境沿海地區(qū)和管轄海域的安全穩(wěn)定。公安邊防部隊扎實開展邊境防控、反恐維穩(wěn)斗爭，加強口岸檢查和海上管控，嚴厲打擊偷渡、販毒、走私等犯罪。2009年以來共破獲各類案件3.7萬起，繳獲非法槍支3845支。
China practices an administration system of sharing responsibilities between the military and the local authorities in border and coastal defense. The armed forces are mainly tasked to safeguard the border, coastal and maritime security, and guard against, stop and subdue such activities as foreign intrusions, encroachments, provocations and cross-border sabotage. The main responsibilities of the border public security force are as follows: border, coastal and maritime public security administration, entry-exit frontier inspection at ports; prevention and crackdown on illegal and criminal acts in border and coastal areas, such as illegal border crossing, drug trafficking and smuggling; and organization of and participation in counter-terrorist and emergency-management operations in border and coastal areas. Organs of maritime surveillance, fisheries administration, marine affairs, inspection and quarantine, and customs are responsible for ensuring legitimate rights, law enforcement, and administration. The State Commission of Border and Coastal Defense, under the dual leadership of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC), coordinates China's border and coastal defenses. All military area commands, as well as border and coastal provinces, cities and counties, have commissions to coordinate border and coastal defenses within their respective jurisdictions.
In recent years, in line with the policy of consolidating border defense, cultivating good neighborliness and friendship, maintaining stability and promoting development, the PLA frontier and coastal guards abide by relevant laws and regulations of China as well as any treaties and agreements with neighboring countries, well perform border defense duties, maintain a rigorous guard against any invasion, encroachment or cross-border sabotage, timely prevent any violation of border and coastal policies, laws and regulations and changes to the current borderlines, and effectively safeguard the security and stability of the borders, coastal areas and maritime waters within their jurisdictions. The border public security force makes solid progress in border defense and control, counter-terrorism, and maintenance of stability. It has strengthened efforts in port inspection, maritime management and control, and clampdown on crimes, including illegal border crossing, drug-trafficking and smuggling. Since 2009, it has solved 37,000 cases and confiscated 3,845 illegal guns.
國家堅持把軍警民聯防聯管聯建作為保衛(wèi)邊海防、建設邊海疆的有力保證。近年來，不斷完善以軍隊為主體、各涉邊涉海隊伍協同配合、邊境沿海地區(qū)民兵預備役和人民群眾廣泛參與的力量體系，推進以指揮信息系統(tǒng)為重點、以信息基礎設施為支撐的邊海防信息化建設，加強邊海防基礎設施建設，提高了管邊控海能力水平，促進了沿邊沿海地區(qū)經濟建設和社會穩(wěn)定。
空防安全是國家總體安全的重要組成部分。人民解放軍空軍是保衛(wèi)國家空防安全的主體力量，陸軍、海軍和武警部隊按照中央軍委的指示擔負部分空防任務?？哲姼鶕醒胲娢鈭D對擔負防空任務的各種防空力量實施統(tǒng)一指揮。國家空防體系常年處于戒備狀態(tài)，掌握空中動態(tài)，維護空中飛行秩序，組織空中戰(zhàn)斗巡邏，處置空中突發(fā)情況，堅決捍衛(wèi)國家領空主權，確保國家空中安全。
China has always treated combined military, police and civilian efforts as a strong guarantee for consolidating border and coastal defenses and developing border and coastal areas. In recent years, China has steadily improved a border and coastal defense force system featuring the PLA as the mainstay, the coordination and cooperation of other relevant forces, and the extensive participation of the militia, the reserve forces and the people in the border and coastal areas. It has advanced the informationization of border and coastal defenses, taking the command system as the focus and information infrastructure as the support, and strengthened efforts in building border and coastal defense infrastructure. This has enhanced border and maritime control capabilities and promoted the economic construction and social stability in the border and coastal areas.
Territorial air security is an important constituent of overall national security. The PLAAF is the mainstay of national territorial air defense, and in accordance with the instructions of the CMC, the Army, Navy, and People's Armed Police Force (PAPF) all undertake some territorial air defense responsibilities. The PLAAF exercises unified command over all air defense components in accordance with the CMC's intent. China's territorial air defense system stands on permanent alert. It keeps track of any developments in the air, preserves air traffic order, organizes combat air patrols, handles air emergencies, and resolutely defends China's sovereignty over its territorial air and its air security.
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