國防動員能力建設
中國加強國防動員建設的根本目標，是建立健全與國防安全需要相適應、與經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展相協(xié)調、與突發(fā)事件應急機制相銜接的國防動員體系，增強國防動員能力。近年來，國家遵循統(tǒng)一領導、全民參與、長期準備、重點建設、統(tǒng)籌兼顧、有序高效的原則，把國防動員建設納入經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展之中，快速動員、平戰(zhàn)轉換、持續(xù)保障、綜合防護能力逐步提升。
人民武裝動員建設取得新進展。完善戰(zhàn)時部隊動員計劃和保障計劃，落實現(xiàn)役部隊預編滿員工作，加強預備役部隊建設。民兵依據(jù)戰(zhàn)時可能擔負的任務，結合完成非戰(zhàn)爭軍事行動任務需要，加強快速動員機制建設。2010年8月新修訂的《中華人民共和國預備役軍官法》，對國家決定實施國防動員后預備役軍官征召的權限、程序和方式作出新規(guī)定。
National Defense Mobilization Capabilities Building
China's fundamental goal of strengthening defense mobilization is to establish and improve a mobilization system which is in line with national security demands, coordinated with the economic and social development and coupled with the emergency response mechanisms to increase mobilization capabilities. In recent years, following the principles of unified leadership, public participation, long-term preparations, priority to key projects, overall planning, all-round consideration, orderliness and high-efficiency, China has integrated its defense mobilization building with general social and economic development, gradually improving its capabilities in rapid mobilization, moving swiftly from a peacetime to wartime footing, and sustained support and comprehensive protection.
New progress has been made in people's armed forces mobilization. China has improved its plans for wartime troop mobilization and support, implemented pre-regimentation of reservists into active units, and strengthened the development of the reserve force. Based on possible wartime tasks and MOOTW demands, the militia force is improving its rapid mobilization process. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Reserve Officers, revised in August 2010, lays down new regulations on the authorities, procedures and methods of calling up reserve officers following a state decision to call for national defense mobilization.
國民經(jīng)濟動員建設穩(wěn)步推進。在重大基礎設施建設中注重兼顧國防要求，重要技術與產品軍民兼容程度不斷提高。初步確立以重點行業(yè)和骨干企業(yè)為依托、以重要產品和技術為紐帶的國民經(jīng)濟動員中心建設布局。重點地區(qū)、重點行業(yè)和重點技術產品的潛力調查取得重要進展，進一步優(yōu)化了立足國防需要、服務經(jīng)濟建設、應急應戰(zhàn)相結合的戰(zhàn)略物資儲備結構。
人民防空建設步伐加快。貫徹長期準備、重點建設、平戰(zhàn)結合的方針，扎實做好信息化條件下防空襲斗爭準備。完善軍政聯(lián)席會議和軍地聯(lián)合辦公制度，優(yōu)化縣級以上各級人民政府人防機構設置，推行人防機關準軍事化建設。按照聯(lián)合防空、區(qū)域防空的要求，抓好各級人防指揮所建設。完善人防系統(tǒng)防災功能，健全防空防災相結合的工作機制。開展重要經(jīng)濟目標防護工作，研究確定重要經(jīng)濟防護目標，制訂應急搶險搶修方案。將人防工程建設納入城市總體規(guī)劃，依法修建民用建筑防空地下室，在城市建設中落實人民防空防護要求，促進人民防空與城市建設協(xié)調發(fā)展。各省區(qū)市廣泛開展防空防災宣傳教育和技能培訓，普及防空防災知識、自救互救技能和應急疏散方法。
Steady progress has been achieved in national economic mobilization. China has given priority to the requirements of national defense in building major infrastructure projects, and has continuously improved the compatibility of military and civilian key technologies and products. It has laid out a basic framework for generating capabilities in national economic mobilization, with key industries and major enterprises as the mainstay and important products and technologies as the links. China has made significant progress in the investigation of the potential of key areas, industries, technologies and products, further optimized the strategic reserve and storage system that meets defense requirements and economic growth, and caters to the needs of both emergencies and wars.
Progress has been accelerated in developing civil air defense (CAD). Adhering to the guidelines of long-term preparation, construction of key projects, and combination of needs in peacetime and war, China strives to do a better job in preparing against air raids in informationized conditions. There is an ongoing effort to improve the system of joint civil-military meetings and offices, optimizing the CAD organizations in local governments at and above county level and promoting the quasi-militarization of the CAD organs. Emphasis has been laid on the building of CAD command posts at all levels in accordance with the requirements of joint and regional air defense. Efforts have been made to improve CAD' s disaster prevention functions and mechanisms featuring the combination of air defense with disaster prevention. More effort has been invested in providing protection for key economic targets, selected through evaluation and research. Emergency rescue and rapid repair plans have also been formulated in this regard. These CAD projects are incorporated into urban development plans and civil defense basements are incorporated in new buildings as required by law, meeting the requirements of the CAD in urban development, and balancing urban development and the CAD projects. Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have carried out extensive publicity campaigns, education programs and training initiatives to disseminate understanding of air defense and disaster prevention, skills of rescue and self-rescue, and methods of emergency evacuation.
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