李克強(qiáng)：這是一個很重要的問題。上屆政府伊始，我們抓住轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能這個“牛鼻子”，推動簡政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革，就是要理順政府和市場的關(guān)系，激發(fā)市場的活力和社會創(chuàng)造力。可以說這方面已經(jīng)取得了階段性成果，成為政府持續(xù)推進(jìn)自身改革、解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力的一個利器。
這次兩會期間，我到代表團(tuán)、聯(lián)組會參加審議和討論，不少代表委員都提出，在推進(jìn)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的時候，政府要著力推動優(yōu)化營商環(huán)境，提供辦事便利，這可以說是市場主體和人民群眾對改革比較迫切的愿望，他們提的有很多看似小問題，實際上連著大政策。我們要見端知本，改革就是要把突破點推向離市場、群眾最近的地方，把民之所望作為改革所向。
Premier Li: You asked a very important question. The transformation of government functions was high on the agenda during our first term. We saw the effort to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve compliance oversight and government services as pivotal to getting the relationship between the government and the market right, which will further stimulate market vitality and public creativity. I'm happy to say that our efforts have paid off, and these measures have become an effective means for further reforming government functions and for unleashing and developing the productive forces.
In my discussions with them during this year's "Two Sessions", many delegates raised the hope that in pursuing supply-side structural reforms, the government will focus more on improving the business environment and making it easier for people to get things done. These voices represent the high expectation of market entities and our people for further reforms. The issues they raise may seem small, yet they bear on major policy decisions. We must heed this call by tackling the root of the problems and pushing for breakthroughs in areas most closely related to the market and to the lives of our citizens.
“天下大事必作于細(xì)”。在放寬市場準(zhǔn)入方面，今年要在六個方面下硬功夫，也可以把它形象地說成是六個“一”，那就是企業(yè)開辦時間再減一半；項目審批時間再砍一半；政務(wù)服務(wù)一網(wǎng)辦通；企業(yè)和群眾辦事力爭只進(jìn)一扇門；最多跑一次；凡是沒有法律法規(guī)依據(jù)的證明一律取消?，F(xiàn)在我們開辦企業(yè)的時間經(jīng)過幾年的努力，可以說已經(jīng)降了不少，但是全國平均還要22天，而在一些發(fā)達(dá)國家，只需要不到一天的時間。我們項目施工許可的辦理時間就更長了，所以必須減繁。這六個“一”都是減，再加上減稅、減費(fèi)，這些都是動政府“奶酪”的，是傷筋動骨的改革。
當(dāng)然，要放得開，還必須管得住、管得好。我們要加強(qiáng)事中事后監(jiān)管，就是要管住市場秩序，對那些假冒偽劣、坑蒙拐騙、欺行霸市，乃至搞不正當(dāng)壟斷的，就要把它驅(qū)逐出市場，甚至嚴(yán)加懲罰，因為它妨礙公平、阻礙創(chuàng)新，也有悖社會道德。市場活力和人文精神是相輔相成的。當(dāng)然，我們加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管，也要注意防止擾民。比如這次機(jī)構(gòu)改革，我們就把涉及市場監(jiān)管的一些部門合并了，推進(jìn)綜合執(zhí)法，避免多個“大蓋帽”去管一個小商販。
As we say in Chinese, every single detail counts in the accomplishment of big tasks. Going forward, these are the 6 things we plan to do. We'll cut the time it takes for opening a business by another half; we will reduce the time required for reviewing a project application by another half; we will put in place, at the national level, an e-platform for accessing government services; we will work to see that our people can get things done in one office, without the need for a second trip; and we will ensure that any requirement for certification that has no basis in law or regulations will be abolished.
Thanks to our efforts in recent years, we have significantly cut the time required for opening a business in our country. But it still takes 22 days on average, whereas it takes maybe less than a day in a developed country. And it takes even longer for one to get a construction permit in China. So with regulatory streamlining and further tax and fee cuts, we are making profound adjustments to government functions. This is like moving the government's own cheese.
Any regulatory streamlining can only serve its purpose when supported with enhanced compliance oversight, which helps to enforce market order. All acts of malpractice involving cheating, making or selling fake or substandard goods, or running unlawful monopolies, will be dealt with in strict accordance with the law and banned from the marketplace, as they are the enemy of fairness and innovation and go against social ethics.
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