生物技術(shù)對(duì)此能做些什么呢?生物技術(shù)專家已經(jīng)培育出了含有β-胡蘿卜素和更多鐵元素的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻,目前正在研究培育其他一些增進(jìn)營養(yǎng)成份的農(nóng)作物。在因蟲害、干旱、土壤貧瘠和作物病毒、導(dǎo)致作物減產(chǎn)從而出現(xiàn)食物匱乏的地區(qū),生物技術(shù)可有助于提高其農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率。蟲害和病毒常常在發(fā)展中國家造成主要糧食作物的大面積歉收。把抗蟲害、抗病毒的基因植入種子可有助于避免這一損失。許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為,生物技術(shù)能將發(fā)展中國家的農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量提高25%,并且可有助于防止作物收割后遭受損失。
Although biotech has promising potential, it is far from being the answer. In developing countries, lost crops are only one cause of hunger. Poverty plays the largest role. Making genetically modified plants cannot reduce hunger if farmers cannot afford to buy them. Secondly, biotech cannot overcome the problem of distributing food in world evenly. Taken as a whole, the world produces enough food to feed everyone, but most of it is simply not in the most needed places.
雖然生物技術(shù)潛力巨大,但是,它遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能解決全部問題。在發(fā)展中國家,作物歉收只是造成饑餓的原因之一,貧窮才是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。如果發(fā)展中國家的人民買不起轉(zhuǎn)基因作物,它就無法緩解饑餓的問題。其次,生物技術(shù)也無法克服世界糧食分配不均的問題。從整體來看,世界糧食生產(chǎn)足夠養(yǎng)活所有的人,但大部分糧食卻并不生長在最需要的地方。
Will trans-genetic foods feed the world? Biotech is not a panacea, but it does promise to transform agriculture in many developing countries. If that promise is not fulfilled, the real loser will be their people, who would suffer for years to come.
轉(zhuǎn)基因食品能養(yǎng)活世界嗎?生物技術(shù)雖不是萬能藥,但它的確有望改造許多發(fā)展中國家的農(nóng)業(yè)。如果希望不能實(shí)現(xiàn),真正的受害者將是這些國家的人民,他們?cè)谖磥淼臍q月里將舉步維艱。
相關(guān)詞語 Related Words and Expressions
genetically modified foods 轉(zhuǎn)基因食物
issue 難題
be subjected to 經(jīng)受; 通過
be tempered by 緩和
cultivatable 可以耕種的; 可以利用的
beta-carotene β-胡蘿卜素
virus 病菌
pest-resistant 防蟲害的
panacea 萬能藥
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