From recorded time, man has been fascinated and delighted with music. Bone whistles, used as a type of flute, have been found dating back to 5.000 BC. Paintings from the Stone Age show early musical instruments.
In modern times, man has further developed his interest in music and in recorded sound with the hardware of sound reproduction. American inventor Thomas Edison, who was considered the father of sound recording, developed the phonograph in 1877, the first device to record music in the world. While Edison concentrated at first mainly on the reproduction of voice. it was not long before the musical uses of his invention were recognized and marketed. The modern
recording industry was born to satisfy an enormous market for all types of music, folk, classical, orchestral and popular.
有史記載以來，人類一直癡迷于音樂,為音樂所陶醉。用作笛子的骨哨早已出現(xiàn)在公元前5000年。從石器時(shí)代的畫中我們可以見到早期樂器的模樣。
現(xiàn)代人進(jìn)一步發(fā)展了對(duì)音樂的興趣，十分鐘情于用聲音復(fù)制設(shè)備來錄音的方式。被譽(yù)為錄音之父的美國發(fā)明家托馬斯?愛迪生于1877年發(fā)明了留聲機(jī)，這是世界上第一臺(tái)錄音設(shè)備。愛迪生最初的精力主要放在對(duì)說話聲音的復(fù)制上，然而時(shí)隔不久，愛迪生這項(xiàng)發(fā)明的音樂應(yīng)用價(jià)值便為世人所認(rèn)識(shí)，并被推向了市場。旨在滿足人們的各種音樂需求的（如民間、古典、管弦、流行等）現(xiàn)代錄音產(chǎn)業(yè)便應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。
The phonogram, the first affordable and mass-produced device, played records on a turntable. The device was mechanical and was wound up by means of a handle on the side of the machine. Such machines were common as late as the 1950s.
The widespread use of electricity in the post-World War Two period led to the invention of the modern, portable record player. It was, however, "mono". The real enthusiastic listener to music wanted a realistic reproduction of music with "high fidelity" or "hi-fi".
The invention of transistors and the rise of the giant electronic companies in the developed world in the 1970s fed the growing demand for hi-fi stereo systems using compact cassettes containing magnetic tape.
留聲機(jī)是一種在轉(zhuǎn)盤上播放唱片的機(jī)器，是有史以來第一批人們消費(fèi)得起的、大批量生產(chǎn)的音響設(shè)備。留聲機(jī)為機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)，機(jī)子邊上有一只用來上發(fā)條的搖柄。這種留聲機(jī)在20世紀(jì)50年代還很普遍。
第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后，電的廣泛使用使現(xiàn)代可提式電唱機(jī)面市。不過這種電唱機(jī)只能單聲道放音，而真正的音樂發(fā)燒友想要的是一種給人以身臨其境感覺的高保真音響設(shè)備。
晶體管的發(fā)明，以及上世紀(jì)70年代發(fā)達(dá)國家大型電子公司的崛起，使人們對(duì)盒式磁帶高保真音響的需求不斷升溫。
The 1980s saw an even greater series of developments in sound reproduction hardware. The examples are the Sony Corporation's invention and development of the tiny portable tape players known as the "Walkman", and the compact disc, oг CD, system based on the technology of computers with music information stored and reproduced digitally.
In the 1990s the development of music hardware continued, with the main purpose of transferring and recording the astonishingly clear digital sound of CD, without the "hiss" noise often affecting magnetic tape. These digital formats vary and include digital audio tape (DAT), digital compact cassette (DCC) and the minidisc (MD). They are mutually incompatible, so the user must make a choice when they make a purchase.
Will this ever-improving technology give rise to another development beyond digital sound, making the CD, as well the MP and iPod series, as obsolete as the record? The answer is a definite "yes". When will this occur, then? No one can tell yet.
到了80年代，聲音復(fù)制設(shè)備的發(fā)展邁出了一系列更大的步伐。例如，推出了由索尼公司首創(chuàng)開發(fā)的被稱之為“隨身聽”的袖珍便攜式磁帶放音機(jī)，以及采用電腦技術(shù)以數(shù)碼儲(chǔ)存與再現(xiàn)音樂信息的CD激光唱片音響。
進(jìn)入90年代后的音響行業(yè)在繼續(xù)發(fā)展，重點(diǎn)放在開發(fā)可轉(zhuǎn)錄那種無比清晰的CD數(shù)碼聲音的技術(shù)上，這種技術(shù)不會(huì)產(chǎn)生那種使用磁帶時(shí)通常出現(xiàn)的“咝咝”聲。數(shù)碼聲音技術(shù)有各種不同的編排格式，如數(shù)碼音帶(DAT)、數(shù)碼微型盒式音帶(DCC)、數(shù)碼微型光盤(MD)等。由于這些編排格式互不兼容，所以客戶在購買音響時(shí)得作出明智的選擇。
音響技術(shù)的改進(jìn)永無止境，我們是否會(huì)開發(fā)出一種超越數(shù)碼階段的音響，使CD 片（包括MP系列產(chǎn)品和iPod系列產(chǎn)品在內(nèi)的電子產(chǎn)品）像從前的唱片那樣退出歷史舞臺(tái)?答案是肯定的。那么這種替代何時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生?目前尚無人可知。
責(zé)任編輯：admin
上一篇：口譯考試?yán)摹猅he Effects of Music on Patients
下一篇：口譯例文——睡眠與夢/Sleep and Dream
微信公眾號(hào)搜索“譯員”關(guān)注我們，每天為您推送翻譯理論和技巧，外語學(xué)習(xí)及翻譯招聘信息。