十年來，中央和地方各級政府不斷調(diào)整財政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，逐步加大對扶貧的財政投入，財政投入從2001年的127.5億元人民幣增加到2010年的349.3億元人民幣，年均增長11.9%，十年累計投入2043.8億元人民幣。其中中央財政安排的扶貧資金投入，從100.02億元人民幣增加到222.7億元人民幣，年均增長9.3%，十年累計投入1440.4億元人民幣。財政扶貧資金分配體現(xiàn)了重點(diǎn)傾斜原則，十年累計投向國家扶貧開發(fā)工作重點(diǎn)縣和各省自行確定的扶貧開發(fā)工作重點(diǎn)縣1457.2億元人民幣，占總投入的71.3%，縣均投入1.36億元人民幣；十年共在22個省(區(qū)、市)安排中央財政扶貧資金1356.2億元人民幣，其中西部12個省(區(qū)、市)877億元人民幣。

    實(shí)行整村推進(jìn)扶貧開發(fā)。為促進(jìn)貧困地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會全面發(fā)展，2001年國家在全國確定了14.8萬個貧困村，逐村制定包括基本農(nóng)田、人畜飲水、道路、貧困農(nóng)戶收入、社會事業(yè)等內(nèi)容的扶貧規(guī)劃，整合各類支農(nóng)惠農(nóng)資金和扶貧專項(xiàng)資金，統(tǒng)籌安排，分年度組織實(shí)施，力爭實(shí)現(xiàn)貧困群眾增收、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施提升、社會公益事業(yè)發(fā)展、群眾生產(chǎn)生活條件改善的目標(biāo)。截至2010年底，已在12.6萬個貧困村實(shí)施整村推進(jìn)，其中，國家扶貧開發(fā)工作重點(diǎn)縣中的革命老區(qū)、人口較少民族聚居區(qū)和邊境一線地區(qū)貧困村的整村推進(jìn)已基本完成。

Over the past ten years, the central and local governments have been constantly adjusting their structures of financial expenditure and gradually increasing the financial input into poverty reduction programs. The financial input increased from 12.75 billion yuan in 2001 to 34.93 billion yuan in 2010, with an average annual growth rate of 11.9 percent, and the accumulative input totaled 204.38 billion yuan in these ten years. For a breakdown, funds appropriated by the central government for poverty reduction programs increased from 10.002 billion yuan in 2001 to 22.27 billion yuan in 2010, with an average annual growth of 9.3 percent, and the accumulative input reached 144.04 billion yuan over these ten years. The distribution of poverty relief funds reflected the priority principle. The accumulative financial input to the key counties in the national and provincial development-oriented poverty reduction programs over these ten years reached 145.72 billion yuan, accounting for 71.3 percent of the total input and with the average in-put for each county reaching 136 million yuan; the central government appropriated a total of 135.62 billion yuan for poverty reduction in 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), including 87.7 billion yuan for 12 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in the western regions.

Implementing comprehensive development-oriented poverty reduction in villages. To promote overall economic and social development in poverty-stricken areas, the state designated 148,000 impoverished villages nationwide in 2001, and formulated poverty reduction programs for each and every village covering basic farmland, drinking water for people and livestock, roads, income of poor villagers, social undertakings and other areas. The government pooled and allocated funds for the implementation of the programs on a yearly basis to increase the income of impoverished people, upgrade infrastructure, develop public welfare, and improve the production and living standards. By the end of 2010, some 126,000 villages had implemented the programs, and the villages in old revolutionary bases, areas inhabited by smaller minority groups and border areas had basically completed the work. 

    加強(qiáng)勞動力培訓(xùn)。人力資源開發(fā)是提高發(fā)展能力的有效手段。2004年以來，中央政府累計安排財政扶貧資金30億元人民幣，實(shí)施以勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移為主要內(nèi)容的“雨露計劃”，對貧困家庭勞動力開展務(wù)工技能和農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)用技術(shù)培訓(xùn)。到2010年，培訓(xùn)貧困家庭勞動力超過400萬人次，其中80%以上實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)。抽樣調(diào)查顯示，接受培訓(xùn)的勞動力比沒有接受培訓(xùn)的勞動力月工資可提高300至400元人民幣。勞動力培訓(xùn)在幫助貧困地區(qū)勞動力實(shí)現(xiàn)就業(yè)和增加收入的同時，也使他們學(xué)到新技術(shù)，接觸新觀念，開闊了視野，增強(qiáng)了信心。從2010年開始，國家以促進(jìn)就業(yè)為導(dǎo)向，開展了對貧困家庭的初高中畢業(yè)生參加職業(yè)教育給予直接補(bǔ)助的工作試點(diǎn)。

    通過教育開展扶貧。十年來，國家大力發(fā)展教育，使大批農(nóng)村家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生通過接受職業(yè)教育掌握了就業(yè)技能，在城鎮(zhèn)穩(wěn)定就業(yè)，幫助家庭擺脫或緩解了貧困現(xiàn)象。2001年至2010年，全國中等職業(yè)學(xué)校畢業(yè)學(xué)生4289萬人，其中大部分畢業(yè)生來自農(nóng)村家庭和城市經(jīng)濟(jì)困難家庭。不斷健全義務(wù)教育、高中階段教育和高等學(xué)校家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助體系，減輕困難學(xué)生家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。建設(shè)移民學(xué)校，推動生態(tài)移民。

Strengthening training of the labor force. The development of human resources is an effective means of enhancing development capability. Since 2004, the central government has appropriated a total of three billion yuan in poverty reduction funds for the "Dew Program," which focuses on training labor force from poor rural families in technical skills and practical agricultural techniques so that they can find better-paying jobs. By the year 2010, more than four million people from poor rural families had received such training, and 80 percent of them found jobs outside agriculture. A sample survey revealed that workers who had received training earned 300-400 yuan per month more than those who hadn't. The training programs not only helped employment and salary growth in poor areas, they also provided chances for the workers to get access to new skills and new concepts, thus broadening their horizons and enhance their confidence. In 2010, in an attempt to promote employment the state began to carry out a pilot project that provides direct subsidy for high-school graduates from poor families to pursue vocational education.

Poverty reduction through education. Over the past decade, the state has been vigorously developing education, helping large numbers of students from economically poor rural families acquire necessary skills through vocational education and find stable employment in cities/towns, thus shaking off or alleviating poverty in these families. From 2001 to 2010, some 42.89 million students graduated from secondary vocational schools, and most of them were from rural families or impoverished urban families. The state constantly improves the subsidy system for poor students in compulsory education, senior high school education and higher education to relieve the financial burden on poor families. The government also builds schools for immigrants, and encourages immigration for ecological protection purpose.