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考研英語長難句翻譯解析 6
2021-08-15 08:53:38    etogether.net    網(wǎng)絡(luò)    


4. The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels,from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings, made it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently. (5)

各種有意義的聯(lián)系在所有的層次上,自抽象的理性至深刻的夢幻般的情感,層出不窮并不斷重新組合排列;正是這些有意義的聯(lián)系的豐富性和復(fù)雜性,致使普魯斯特難于將它們錯落有致地安排好。

難句類型:復(fù)雜修飾、插入語、抽象詞

解釋:請原諒筆者在此所做中文翻譯的艱澀難懂,為了讓讀者能夠更好地理解句子的結(jié)構(gòu),本書盡量把中文翻譯與英文原文的語序相對應(yīng),而且盡可能的不用意譯。為了達(dá)到這個目的,可以說絞盡腦汁,但本句之難懂也全非筆者之故,原文作者使用了大量的抽象詞。本句仍然來自于上面說過的這篇關(guān)于普魯斯特的文章。句中的主語是The very richness and complexity,其后的修飾成分長達(dá)三行,of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings,其中還夾雜著插入語,有效地分開了主語和謂語。其實本句雖然結(jié)構(gòu)也比較復(fù)雜,但是不見得比前面的句子復(fù)雜得多,其真正的難點,還在于句子中大量的抽象詞的使用。由于筆者在附錄中所提到的原因,抽象詞可以嚴(yán)重地占據(jù)大腦資源,因此帶有大量的抽象詞的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子就更為難懂,比如本句就是一個很好的例子,復(fù)雜修飾與抽象詞狼狽為奸,句意另人難以理解。 

意群訓(xùn)練:The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels,from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings, made it difficult for Proust to set them out coherently. 


5. But those of who hoped, with Kolb, that Kolb’s newly published complete edition of Proust’s correspondence for 1909 would document the process in greater detail are disappointed. (4)

但是我們當(dāng)中的那些希望(也算上K本人)K新出版的P1909年書信的全集能夠更加詳細(xì)的記錄下這一過程的人都大失所望。

難句類型:復(fù)雜修飾、插入語 

解釋:本句中從句套從句,致使主語those of us與謂語的距離很遠(yuǎn),而且中間的成分又極多,使得句子很難讀懂。修飾主語those of us的定語從句who hoped之中又套了一個賓語從句,賓語從句的主語complete edition又被一前一后的兩個定語所修飾,之后才依次是賓語從句的謂語、賓語:主句的系動詞、表語。

意群訓(xùn)練:But those of us who hoped, with Kolb, that Kolb’s newly published complete edition of Proust’s correspondence for 1909 would document the process in greater detail are disappointed.


6. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it , passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to , finally ,a conquered people – a charter minority on our own land. (5 -)

現(xiàn)在我們必須也按照我們墨西哥裔的美國人的經(jīng)歷來審視這個文化,我們的經(jīng)歷是從一個主權(quán)的民族變成了新來的定居者的同胞,在最終淪落成為一個被征服的民族——在我們自己的土地上的契約的少數(shù)民族。

難句類型:復(fù)雜修飾、插入語、固定搭配 

解釋:主句中的as we Mexican Americans have experienced it 是examine的狀語,說明審視的角度;后面直至句尾的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)又是experience的狀語,詳述了經(jīng)歷的具體過程。就是這個分詞有些難懂,因為我們熟知的結(jié)構(gòu)是from…to…沒有見過,也沒有想到過后面居然還有一個to,因此看到這個套了一個插入語的newly arriving settlers to , finally, a conquered people的時候頭腦發(fā)生混亂,不明所以、不知所措。這里的to還是與前面的from搭配的,也就是說,原文的結(jié)構(gòu)是from…to…to… 

意群訓(xùn)練:Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it , passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to , finally ,a conquered people – a charter minority on our own land. 


7. It is possible to make specific complementary DNA’s (cDNA’s)that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNA’s (mRNA’s)of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones,the cells will contain these Mrna’S. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them,then the cDNA’s should still bind to  these mRNA’s,but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA’s for the true hormones. (4)

科學(xué)家可以制造出特異的(specific)互補DNA’s(cDNA’s),以此作為分子探子(molecular probe),探覓出肽激素的信使RNA’s(mRNA’s)。如果大腦正在制造著肽激素,則細(xì)胞就會含有這些信使RNA’s.假若細(xì)胞所制造的產(chǎn)品類似于肽激素但并非與這些肽激素全然相同,那么,互補cDNA’s應(yīng)仍然和這些信使mDNA’s粘結(jié)的程度。含有這些mRNA’s的腦細(xì)胞然后就可以被分離開來,研究者可對其信使RNA’s進(jìn)行解碼,以確定它們的蛋白質(zhì)產(chǎn)品究竟是什么,并確定這些蛋白質(zhì)產(chǎn)品在何種程度上類似于真正的肽激素。

難句類型:易混詞

解釋:與其他的難句不同的是,心上的英文不止一句。筆者之所以在本句中不設(shè)標(biāo)志和翻譯,是因為這三句話從結(jié)構(gòu)和意思上來說并不難。然而很少有人能夠真正的一次把這段話讀清楚,原因在于兩個容易混淆的單詞cDNA’s和mRNA’s在文中交替出現(xiàn),而且相互作用;再加上brain cell和hormones從中搗亂,更難讀清楚原文的意思。原文的主要意思如下:可以用cDNA’s來探測mRNA’s。如果腦細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生了荷爾蒙,則其中必有mRNA’s意味著可用cDNA探測荷爾蒙。如果腦細(xì)胞制造的不是真荷爾蒙,則可以用cDNA’s與其中的mRNA’s附著的情況來確定此荷爾蒙的真假。

意群訓(xùn)練:It is possible to make specific complementary DNA’s (cDNA’s)that can serve as molecular probes to seek out the messenger RNA’s (mRNA’s)of the peptide hormones. If brain cells are making the hormones,the cells will contain these Mrna’S. If the products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identical to them,then the cDNA’s should still bind to  these mRNA’s,but should not bind as tightly as they would to mRNA’s for the true hormones.




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