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考研英語長難句翻譯解析 6
2021-08-15 08:53:38    etogether.net    網(wǎng)絡    


8. The molecular approach to detecting peptide hormones using cDNA probes should also be much faster than the immunological method because it can take years of tedious purifications  to isolate peptide hormones and then develop antiserums to them. (4) 

采用cDNA探子來測定肽激素的這一分子生物學方法同時也應該比免疫學的方法速度來得快,因為對于免疫的方法來說,需耗費好幾年枯燥的提純進程,方能將肽素分離了出來,然后再培養(yǎng)出針對它們的抗血清。

難句類型:復雜修飾、易混指代

解釋:主語后的修飾成分同樣隔開了主語和謂語,但本句的難度主要在because從句中。按照一般的習慣,作為從句主語的it應該指主句的主語,但本句的主句是一個比較結(jié)構,A should be faster than B because it…,此處it也可以指B。但是因為這種指代不符合和我們以前所形成的習慣,所以閱讀現(xiàn)場不得不邊讀邊根據(jù)句意來判斷,這就增加了閱讀理解的難度?,F(xiàn)場閱讀時,類似antiserums的這種專有名詞不必理會,僅需從詞頭anti推出這是一個反p荷爾蒙的東西即可。 

意群訓練:The molecular approach to detecting peptide hormones using cDNA probes should also be much faster than the immunological method because it can take years of tedious purifications  to isolate peptide hormones and then develop antiserums to them. 


9. Nevertheless, researchers of the Pleistocene epoch have developed all sorts of more or less fanciful model schemes of how they would have arranged the Ice Age had they been in charge of events.(3+) 

然而,研究P時代的研究者發(fā)展除了各種各樣的或多或少有些奇怪思想的模型系統(tǒng),用來顯示如果由他們來決定地質(zhì)事件的話他們將會如何安排冰川紀。 

難句類型:復雜修飾、倒裝、修辭

解釋:句末的由how引導的名詞性從句中包括了雙重的倒裝,正常的語序本來是:If they had been in charge of events, they would have arranged the Ice Age in certain model schemes。本句中由于arrange的方式被提前,就造成了arrange的動作執(zhí)行者也要提前,前面的if they had been 則必須后置;這樣一來又造成了if被省略,成為had they been的倒裝結(jié)構。

另外,作者為了表達其對于這些研究者的模型的負態(tài)度,并炫耀其幽默感,在本句中使用了虛擬語氣,并使用了fanciful這個詞以表示這些研究的不負責任、異想天開的幼童心理。 

意群訓練:Nevertheless, researchers of the Pleistocene epoch have developed all sorts of more or less fanciful model schemes of how they would have arranged the Ice Age had they been in charge of events. 


10. This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related to  glacial and interglacial periods,rather than on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains found in interglacial beds themselves interstratified within glacial deposits. (4) 

這一序列演替(succession)所依據(jù)的,主要是一系列與冰川期和間冰期并不直接相關的地質(zhì)沉積物和地質(zhì)事件,而不是依據(jù)更為普遍的現(xiàn)代方法,去研究間冰層(interglacial bed)中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的生物殘留物,而這些間冰層本身又在冰川沉積物發(fā)生間層化(interstatified)。

難句類型:復雜修飾、省略、易淆指代 

解釋:句子中的rather than 之后省略了與前面重復的being based,直接加上了介詞on。Modern method后面的部分都是修飾method的。其中的remains既可以作動詞也可以作名詞,此處是名詞的用法,biological remains指的是類似于動物化石之類的遺跡。讀到這里我們看到了句子的難點,themselves既可以指前面離得很遠的modern method(當然,在語法上來講單復數(shù)不一致),也可以指前面離得較遠的biological remains,亦可以指緊挨著的interglacial beds,到底是指代哪一個,只有通過理解句意,才能確定在此處指biological remains。

意群訓練:This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related to  glacial and interglacial periods,rather than on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains found in interglacial beds themselves interstratified within glacial deposits.


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