近兩年增長的國防費主要用于：(一)改善部隊保障條件。適應國家經濟社會發(fā)展和居民生活水平提高，調整軍人工資津貼標準，連續(xù)提高教育訓練、水電取暖等經費標準，開展基層后勤綜合配套整治，改善邊海防部隊、邊遠艱苦地區(qū)部隊執(zhí)勤訓練和生活條件。(二)完成多樣化軍事任務。增加非戰(zhàn)爭軍事行動能力建設投入，保障抗震救災、亞丁灣和索馬里海域護航、抗洪搶險、國際救援等行動。(三)推進中國特色軍事變革。針對采購價格、維修成本不斷上漲勢頭，適當增加高技術武器裝備及其配套建設經費。
2010年，國際金融危機深層次影響尚未消除，各種不確定因素較多，中國財政收支緊張的矛盾仍在持續(xù)。國家財政在重點保障“三農”、教育、科技、衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療、社會保障等民生支出的基礎上，根據需要適度增加國防開支。2010年國防費預算為5321.15億元人民幣，比2009年增長7.5％，國防費增幅有所下降。
In the past two years, the increase in China's defense expenditure has primarily been used for the following purposes: (1) Improving support conditions for the troops: Along with the economic and social development and the improvement of people's living standards, the PLA has adjusted servicemen's salaries and allowances, increased funding for education and training, water and electricity supplies and heating, upgraded logistics support for grass-roots units in a comprehensive and coordinated way, and improved the on-duty, training and living conditions of border and coastal defense forces and units in remote areas and harsh environments. (2) Accomplishing diversified military tasks: China has increased investment in improving MOOTW capabilities, in supporting earthquake rescue and disaster relief operations, in escort operations in the Gulf of Aden and waters off Somalia, in flood control and emergency rescue operations, and in international rescue operations. (3) Pushing forward the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) with Chinese characteristics. In view of the upward trend in purchasing prices and maintenance costs, China has moderately increased the funds for high-tech weaponry and equipment and their supporting facilities.
In 2010, confronted by the residual impact of the global financial crisis and other uncertainties, the tension between revenue and expenditure in China's finances persists. Giving priority to socially beneficial spending in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, as well as in education, science and technology, health, medical care and social security, China has increased its defense expenditure moderately as needed. China's defense budget for 2010 is RMB532.115 billion, up 7.5 percent over 2009. The growth rate of defense expenditure has decreased.
(Chart 1: Share of China's Annual Defense Expenditure in the State Financial Expenditure)
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